Signature	Maker Info	Instruments	Comments	Location	References
F. 1			may be "fecit".
F. 2	England, c.1790, NIM	Hadley's Quadrants = PEA(2).	F with a fouled anchor; Fage?		Brewington 1.
F. ICW.	1613, MIM	Regiomontanus-type Sundial on lid of box, 1613 = GHS.			Archinard 1; RSW.
F.A. 1	Germany, 1728, MIM	Table Sundial, 1728 = KLA-4464.			Zinner 1.
F.A. 2	1765, MIM	Zappeck-type Sundial, 1765 = LJU.	for 46°.		RSW.
F.A. 3	1766, MIM	Altitude Sundial, 1766 = FIN-113.	with a combined nocturnal and sundial.		RSW.
F.A. 4	Denmark?, 1770, MIM	Sundial, stone, 1770 = Den Gamle By, Aarhus.			RSW.
F.A. 5	MIM	Garden Sundial, marble = TIM.	square.		RSW.
F.A.B.			see F.A.R.		Bryden 16; RSW.
F.A.J.C.P.S.R.C.	1715, MIM	Sundial, stone, 1715 = P. and S. 2/9/1897.			RSW.
F.A.R.	Germany, fl.1768-74, MIM	Vertical Sundial, pin-gnomon, small, 1768 = GRA; Zappeck-type Sundial, 1774 = Koller 11/17/75.			Zinner 1; Bryden 16; RSW.
F.AE.G.	Austria?, MIM	Ring Sundial = KRM.			Rabenalt.
F.B.	c.1900,	Capuchin Sundial = ADL-T20.	probably made by D.B. Sheahan.		Tomlinson 1; ADL; RSW.
F.B.F.	Germany, 1752, MIM	Azimuth Sundial, 1752 = Landsberg a. Lech Heimatmuseum.	"F.B. Fecit"?		Zinner 1.
F.B.G.	MIM	Full Protractor = P.C. (1982).	owner? two odd scales.		RSW.
F.B.P.	Germany, fl.1743-55, MIM	Analemmatic Sundial, 1743 = CLU; Table Sundials, stone = TRA (1753), ADL-M279 (1755), Soth. 12/19/66.	Michel thought he might be Franz Bovius Presbyter.		Zinner 1; Engelmann 1; Michel 3; ADL; RSW.
F.C.	1701, MIM	Table Sundial, 1701 = Phillips 2/3/68.	"F.C. fecit, 1701".		RSW.
F.C.R.	Germany, OIM	Nürnberg-type Microscope = NAC.			Daumas 1.
F.D.I.	Germany, 1774, MIM	Universal Ring Sundial, 1774 = Huelsmann Coll.			Syndram.
F.E.D.	1542, MIM	Astrolabe, May, 1542 = P.C.			Brieux 2.
F.E.D.P.F.	Italy, 1568, MIM	Instrumentum Primi Mobilis, 1568 = FLO.	"Frater Egnatius Dantes Praedictatorum Faciebat."		Bonelli 1; Michel 3; Italian Inv.
F.F.B.	1705, MIM	Ring Sundial, 1705 = BUD.			Zinner 1.
F.F.C.D.F.	1697, MIM	Pillar Sundial, 1697 = Mercator Museum.			Michel 3; RSW.
F.F.F. 1	1629, MIM	Artillery Level, silvered brass, 1629 = OXF.			Evans 1; Gunther 2 and 6; RSW.
F.F.F. 2	1774, MIM	Astronomical Compendium, wood, bone, brass, 1774 = Koller 11/17/75 (Linton Coll.) = Libert et Castor 10/10/80.			RSW.
F.G. 1	Holland, 1714, NIM	Cross-staff, 1714 = AMST.	might be owner.		Mörzer Bruyns 2.
F.G. 2	England, c.1784, NIM	Octant = NMM-S.127.	may be F. Gabourg or F. Goater.		Taylor 2(837); Clay and Court; NMM 2.
F.G.P.	1659, MIM	Protractor, 1659 = Soth. 5/24/71.	"Anno DNI 1659."		RSW.
F.H.	Germany?, c.1600, MIM	Gunner's Scale = ADL-M122a.	also marked "553" and "I W.W.B." with the first "W" over the recumbant "B"; see "I.W.W.B."		Engelmann 1; ADL; RSW.
F.I.	Germany, MIM	Table Sundial, stone = Neuenberg-Schweiz, Museum.			Zinner 1.
F.I.S.	1781, MIM	Gauging Rod, 1781 = NYC.			RSW.
F.I.V.	Germany, 1698, MIM	Table Sundial, stone, 1698 = FIN-115 = P.C.	Zinner says 1766.		Zinner 1; Weil.
F.J.F.	1775, MIM	Horizontal Sundial, stone, 1775 = P. & S. 11/21/1894 = 2/28/1896.			RSW.
F.J.K.S.J.	Austria, 1729, MIM	Table Clock, 1729 = Linz Stadt Gymnasium.	Franz Jakob Knittl, Society of Jesus, which see.	Linz.	Zinner 1.
F.K.	Germany?, 18th Century, MIM	Ring Sundial = MADEX-211.			RSW.
F.L.	1779, MIM	Horizontal Sundial, 1779 = SLM.			RSW.
F.M.	England?, c.1750, OIM	Refracting Telescope, three-draw = D.			Brophy.
F.M.B.	Germany, 17th Century, MIM	Dialing Instrument = ADL-M323.	the copper instrument is in the form of an anchor and is misdescribed by Engelmann as an Instrumentum Primi Mobilis.		Zinner 1; Engelmann 1; ADL; RSW.
F.N. 1	France, c.1820, MIM	Rule, gold = P.C.			RSW.
F.N. 2	England, 19th Century, MIM	Diptych Sundials, wood = GEP; AMST; P.C.(3).	All the dials include American cities in the latitude tables.		Mörzer Bruyns 1; RSW.
F.P.	1657, MIM	Diptych Sundial, ivory, 1657 = Soth. 7/29/69.			RSW.
F.P.B. 1	1743, MIM	Astrolabe, 1743 = CLU.			Cluny.
F.P.B. 2	MIM	Diptych, wood = LID-M186.			Zinner 1.
F.P.G.P.	Germany, 1787, MIM	Equatorial Sundial, 1787 = PRA.	the F. is placed above the initals P.G.P.; the whole signature is surrounded by three decorative lozenges; a Penther-type sundial.		Horsky and Skopova.
F.P.O.M.	Germany, 1676, MIM	Ring Sundial, 1676 = HAK.			Zinner 1; RSW.
F.R. 1	Spain, 1585, MIM	Dividers, one-handed, 1585 = P.C./owner.	signed "F.R." with an anchor in between; marked with four dots and a circle, arranged with the circle at the top with three dots underneath and a single dot,in the middle, at the bottom.		A.J. Turner 10.
F.R. 2	Germany, 1683, MIM	Vertical Sundial, 1683 = OXF.	Zinner says 1863.		Zinner 1; Evans 1.
F.S. 1	Germany, c.1580, MIM	Surveyor's Cross, in the form of an astrolabe = ADL-M43.	the dorsum has the form of an astrolabe but the face has two sighting tubes forming a surveyor's cross; misdescribed by Engelmann as an astrolabe.		Zinner 1; Engelmann 1; Gunther 1; Michel 3; ADL; RSW.
F.S. 2	Germany, 1762, MIM	Bow Calipers, iron, 1762 = ADL-M80.	marked "Jesus Maria Joseph."		Michel 3; Engelmann 1; ADL; RSW.
F.S. 3	MIM	Level = A.M. Earle Coll.			Earle.
F.S. 4	MIM	Ring Sundial, expanded hour scale = DEU.			RSW.
F.S.F.	Germany?, 1757, MIM	Sundial with Calendar, 1757 = X.			Evans 1.
F.S.L.	Germany, 1656, MIM	Pillar Sundial, 1656 = MUN.		Munich.	Zinner 1.
F.S.P. 1	Germany, fl.1756-61, MIM	Zappeck-type Sundials = ZAG (1756), BUD (1761), BASH, SPL, LJU.	the 1756 dial is also marked "V.R." (3).		Zinner 1; RSW.
F.S.P. 2	Germany, 1757, MIM	Table Sundial, 1757 = OXF.	chronogram; Frater Sebastian Prebyter? perhaps Sebastian Rutschmann.		Zinner 1; Michel 3; Evans 1; Gunther 6.
F.S.P. 3	Germany, 1797, MIM	Sundial, 1797 = X.			Michel 3; Evans 1.
F.S.P.O.M.R.	Germany, 1759, MIM	Zappeck-type Sundial, silver, 1759 = LJU.	for 46°10' latitude; the gnomon is geared and set by a pointer on a calendar scale.		RSW.
F.T.A.B.C.R.	France, 1846, MIM	Wall Sundial, 1846 = farm at Clappey.		Clappey.	Berton.
F.T.D.	Germany?, 1836, NIM	Octant, 1836 = HAA.			RSW.
F.V. 1	Germany, 1699, MIM	Table Sundials, stone = PRA (1699), VIE, D., NUR; Calendar, stone = P.C.			Zinner 1 and 4; Michel 3; Horsky and Skopova.
F.V. 2	MIM	Dividers, iron = P.C.			RSW.
F.V.V.	1698, MIM	Sundial, stone, 1698 = P. and S. 3/8/1895.			RSW.
F.V.V.F.	1550, MIM	Azimuth Sundial, 1550 = KRM.			Rabenalt.
F.W. H.Z.S.			marked on 1599 artillery level with vertical sundial, by Paulus Reinman, Spitzer 2820 (61).		RSW.
FABER, SAMUEL	Germany, 1657-1726, MIM	Celestial Globe, 1705 = VNL; Globes = TSUMM-30535, TSUMM-8984, etc.; Terrestrial Globe, 1705 = P.C.			Zinner 1; Chenekal 3; Globus, Nov. 1954, June 1962.
FABRE ET KUNEMANN	France, c.1860, PHIM	Papin Digester = USNM.	"Fabre et Kunemann Succrs de Pixii."	Paris.	Warner 13.
FABRE LAGRANGE	France, c.1857, PHIM	Olivier Geometric Models = Mathematical Cabinet at Harvard U., 1857.	successor to Jean-Baptiste-François Pixii; see also Fabre et Kunemann.	Paris.	Warner 13.
FABRI, OTTAVIO	Italy, c.1598,		designed a surveying instrument, "squadra mobile"; author.	Padua.	RSW.
FABRICIUS, PAUL	Austria, 1519-88, MIM	Astrolabe, paper = X; Pillar Sundial = ZIT; Rete on Astronomical Clock = Museum, Olomuc, Czechoslovakia.		Vienna.	Zinner 1; Morpurgo 1; Czech. Inv.
FABRIQUE DE PARIS	France,	Sundials, tin = P. and S. 4/3/1894 and 2/28/1896.	"made in Paris."		RSW.
FABRIS, ANTONIO	Italy, c.1800, MIM SIM	Quadrant = Christie 2/8/66; Sundial = Specola di Padova.	surveyor; mechanician; made the instruments necessary for his work.	Bovolenta.	Morpurgo 1.
FACCINI			see Facini.
FACCIOLI, GIOVANNI FRANCESCO	Italy, 1774, MIM	Astronomical Clock, 1774 = X.		Vicenza.	Morpurgo 1.
FACE			misreading for Fage.		Soth. 2/4/77.
FACINI AND CORONELLI	Italy, 1697, MIM	Goniometer, 1697 = GEL.	invented and made by Bernardus Facini and Vincentius Coronelli.	Venice.	Novokshanova-Soklovskaja.
FACINI, BERNARDUS	Italy, 1665-1731, MIM SIM	Plane Table Compasses = Michel (1704), Christie-NY 10/24/83 (1708), Koller 11/17/75 (1704); Perpetual Horometer, 1727 = MERC = Constantini Coll. = OXF; Circumferentor, 1704 = Michel; Set of miniature Surveying Instruments, 1710 = ADL-W82; Spiral Slide Rule, 1714 = ADL-A225; Astronomical Clock, 1725 = Vatican; Graphometer, 1694 = VNM; Alidade, 1698 = VEN; Quadrant, 1701 = UTO 9/29/75; etc.	set of miniature instruments made for Frederick William I of Prussia before he succeeded his father; the two instruments reported by Michel may be one.	Venice; Piacenza.	Learner; Bonelli 4; Hamilton 1; Michel 1 and 3; Price 2; Italian Inv.; Nachet; Morpurgo 1; Britten; Société Belge; Bedini 10; Righini 2; G. e M.L. Righini; ADL; RSW.
FACIOLI, NICOLA	Italy, c.1780, MIM	Goniometer, Rule = Museo Torricelliano, Faenza.		Milan; Rome.	Italian Inv.
FACY, RICHARD	England, c.1850, MIM			Wapping Wall, London.	G.L'E. Turner 24.
FAGE			see Dring and Fage.
FAGE, EDWARD	England, fl.1667-73, MIM		either he or John Read 2 succeeded Anthony Thompson 1; one of nineteen instrument makers admitted to the Clockmakers' Company on Feb. 24, 1668.	Sign of the Sugar Loaf, Hosier Lane, West Smithfield, London.	Taylor 1(317); Dewhirst; Clay and Court; Gunther 2; J. Brown 1 & 3.
FAGE, M.	England, c.1828, MIM PHIM			20 Tooley Street, London (1828).	O'Mara.
FAGE, WILLIAM	England, c.1838, MIM PHIM		see Dring and Fage.	10 Great Dover Street, Borough, London; Coffeen reported a finding of "10 Gridover Street, Boro."	Taylor 2(958),(2123); Coffeen 27.
FAGERIO, J.	England, PHIM	Wheel Barometer = X.		4 Cross Street, Hatton Garden (London).	Goodison 1.
FAGIOLI	England, c.1835, PHIM	Wheel Barometers = X, Soth. 5/12/72, 5/4/87.		London.	Goodison 1; RSW.
FAGIOLI AND SON	England, PHIM	Wheel Barometer = X.	see D. Fagioli and Son.	3 Great Warner Street, Clerkenwell, London.	Goodison 1.
FAGIOLI AND SONS	England, PHIM	Wheel Barometer = Soth.-S 10/19 89.		Great Warner Street, Clerkenwell (London).	RSW.
FAGIOLI, A.	England, PHIM	Wheel Barometer = Christie 1/26/90.		68 Red Lion Street, Clerkenwell (London).	RSW.
FAGIOLI, D., AND SON	England, fl.1840-54, PHIM	Wheel Barometers, = Soth.-S 9/18/86 and 10/19/89, Soth. 7/21/87, Larvik Marine Museum, Norway, USNM, X(7), Soth. 5/12/72, D.(1972), (1983), Bearnes 9/16/87; Barometer = Christie 2/5/70; Barometer with clock = Phillips 4/16/88.	Dominic and J. (3) Fagioli.	3 Great Warner Street (1840-51); 10 Great Warner Street (1851-54); both in Clerkenwell, London.	Goodison 1; Middleton 4; RSW; John Bell.
FAGIOLI, DOMINIC	England, fl.1836-54, PHIM	Wheel Barometers = X(5), D.(1970).	partner with his son J. Fagioli 3, 1840-54; X barometers are signed "D. Fagioli, Clerkenwell."	3 Great Warner Street (1836-51); 10 Great Warner Street (1851-54); both in Clerkenwell, London.	Goodison 1; Taylor 2(2124); RSW.
FAGIOLI, J. 1	England, PHIM	Wheel Barometers = X, Christie-SK 5/15/96.	could be J. Fagioli 2 or 3.	London.	Goodison 1; RSW.
FAGIOLI, J. 2	England, PHIM	Wheel Barometer = X.		5 Union Terrace, London.	Goodison 1.
FAGIOLI, J. 3	England, PHIM	Wheel Barometer = X.	probably son of Dominic Fagioli.	30 Great Warner Street, Clerkenwell, London.	Goodison 1.
FAGLIABUE, A.			misreading for A. Tagliabue.		RSW.
FAHLMER	France, c.1725, MIM OIM SIM	Alidade = P.C.; Protractor = BAR; Double Protractor = BAR; Telescopic Alidades = WHI, P.C., D.; Dip Level = DeLuca 10/21/95.	WHI telescopic level also marked "Dépot de la Diron. de la Rochelle."	Strasbourg.	Price 12; RSW; Brieux 2; G.L'E. Turner 24; J.A. Bennett 2.
FAHRENHEIT, DANIEL GABRIEL	Poland; Holland, 1686-1736, OIM PHIM	Mercury Thermometer = LEY; Alcohol Thermometer, 1727 = LEY.	also made barometers, anemometers, etc.; invented a scale for thermometers; first to use mercury in thermometers, 1717; developed the solar microscope.	Danzig; Amsterdam.	Rooseboom 1; Crommelin; USNM; Daumas 1; G.L'E. Turner 24; A.J. Turner 10.
FAHRR, P.	Germany, 1744, NIM	Compass Rose, 1744 = X.	P. Fährr.		Schück 1.
FAIRBONE, CHARLES 1	England, fl.1765-1802, MIM OIM SIM		apprenticed to Tycho Wing of the Grocers' Company in 1753; free of the Company, 1765; by 1780 he was a member of the Spectaclemakers' Company; took apprentices in both Companies.	Princes Court, Westminster (1765); St. Martin's Lane (1766); New Street, Shoe Lane (1773-1802); all in London.	J. Brown 1; Court and von Rohr 3(185).
FAIRBONE, CHARLES 2	England, fl.1786-1810, MIM OIM SIM	Set of Surveying Instruments = WHI-204.	apprenticed to his father, Charles Fairbone 1, in the Grocers' Company, 1781; free of the Company, 1802; took over his father's last two apprentices in 1802, and took others later.	20 Great New Street, Shoe Lane, Fetter Lane, London.	Taylor 2(832); J. Brown 1 and 2; Dewhirst; Daumas 1; Clay and Court.
FAIRBONE, HENRY	England, c.1794,		apprenticed to his father, Charles Fairbone 1, in the Grocers' Company in 1794.		J. Brown 1.
FAIRBONE, ISAAC	England, c.1783,		apprenticed to his uncle, Charles Fairbone 1, in the Grocers' Company, 1783.		J. Brown 1.
FAIRBONE, JOHN	England, c.1786, OIM		son of Charles Fairbone 1; apprenticed to John Dollond 2 in the Spectaclemakers' Company; admitted as Brother to the Company in 1786.		Court and von Rohr 3(220); Robischon.
FAIRBONE, TIMOTHY	England, c.1789,		apprenticed to his father, Charles Fairbone 1, in the Grocers' Company, 1789.		J. Brown 1.
FAIRCLOTH, WILLIAM	England, c.1748, MIM		apprenticed to John Gilbert 1 in the Grocers' Company, 1740; free of the Company in 1748.		J. Brown 1.
FAIREY, JOHN, AND SON	England, c.1823, MIM OIM PHIM		may be a misreading for Joseph Fairey and Son.	22 Ratcliff Highway, London.	Taylor 2(964); RSW.
FAIREY, JOSEPH	England, fl.1800-1829, MIM NIM OIM PHIM	Quadrant = NMM; Octant = D.; Sextant = BMR.	apprenticed to Samuel Browning 1 of the Grocers' Company on Sept. 1, 1796; free of the Company on Nov. 3, 1803; took apprentices after 1800.	15 Fair Street, Horseleydown (1803); 150 Tooley Street (1806-11); 20 Ratcliffe Highway (1811-29); 8 Northumberland Place, Commercial Road East; all in London.	Taylor 2(964); J. Brown 1 and 2; Belgian Inv.; RSW.
FAIREY, JOSEPH, AND SON	England, c.1845, MIM NIM OIM PHIM	Marine Barometer = Soth. 7/21/83; Octant, ebony and brass = D.(1976).	Joseph Fairey and his son, Richard Fairey.	Commercial Road, London.	Taylor 2(964a); RSW.
FAIREY, RICHARD	England, c.1829, MIM		apprenticed to his father, Joseph Fairey, in the Grocers' Company on March 5, 1829.		J.Brown 2.
FAIREY, RICHARD AND JOSEPH	England, fl.1790-1846, MIM NIM OIM PHIM			150 Tooley Street, Borough, London.	Taylor 2(964).
FAIRFAX, WILLIAM	England, c.1685, MIM		apprenticed to John Warner 2 of the Clockmakers' Company on Jan. 2, 1685 for nine years.		J. Brown 3.
FAIRMAN, GIDEON	USA, 1774-1827, MIM		partner in the firm of "Hooker and Fairman" in Newburyport, pre-1810; later moved to Philadelphia and became a partner in the firm of "Draper, Murray and Fairman."	Newburyport, Mass.; Albany, N.Y.; Philadelphia, Pa.	Bedini 1; Gillingham 3.
FALCIOLA, B., AND CO.	England, fl.1839-43, PHIM		barometer makers.	53 Edgbaston Street, Birmingham.	Goodison 1.
FALCIOLA, I.	England, PHIM	Wheel Barometer with Thermometer = Soth. 12/15 83.		Nottingham.	RSW.
FALCK			Falck = Falconus?		Michel 3.
FALCO	Italy, MIM	Horary Quadrant with volvelle = BRP.	for 45° Lat.; signed, "Opus Falco"; Bedini thinks it is a fake.		Bedini 14; RSW.
FALCON, A.	England, OIM	Spyglass = D.(1968).			RSW.
FALCONER, G.	China, NIM	Sextant = FRK-54.		Hong Kong.	Frank.
FALCONER, WILLIAM	England, c.1750, NIM		compass maker.	London.	Schück 1.
FALCONI 1	Italy, fl.1503-07, MIM	Astrolabe, 1505 = Lasotovich Coll., Venice = P.C. (ICA-3032); Astrolabe, 1507 = P. and S. 4/3/1894 = BM (ICA 251); Quadrants = BM, USNM.	goldsmith; quadrants for 45° are signed "Opus Falconi Bergomei Valensis"; BM one is lost.	Bergamo; Venice.	Price 1 and 3; Ward 4; Morpurgo 1; Gunther 1; Michel 3; ICA 2; Bedini 14; RSW.
FALCONI 2	Italy, 1586, MIM	Nocturnal, 1586 = NMM-Caird.	ex-Goldschmied Coll.; Bedini thinks it is a fake.		Bedini 14; NMM.
FALE, G.	England, 1796, NIM	Octant, rosewood, 1796 = RSM.			RSW.
FALE, THOMAS	England, fl.1586-93,		designed a sundial and a graphometer made by Thomas Osborn; author.	Cambridge.	Taylor 1(75) 2(76); Weil 2(25).
FALEIRO, RUY	Spain, 1519, MIM		made one wooden astrolabe and six wooden quadrants for Magellan.		Waters 1.
FALES, JAMES 1	USA, fl.1820-30+, NIM		T.C.; had "Little Navigator" as shop sign; also made clocks and watches; father of James Fales 2.	91 Water Street, Newport, R.I.; New Bedford, Mass. (by 1830).	Bedini 8; RSW.
FALES, JAMES 2	USA, -1888, NIM		figure of midshipman for shop sign, now in New Bedford Whaling Museum; son of James Fales 1.	New Bedford, Mass.	RSW.
FALES, MARTHA	USA, NIM		compass maker.	Newburyport, Mass.	American Neptune, 1968; Bull. Maritime Museum, British Columbia, 1968.
FALIGUM	Austria, 1721, MIM	Azimuth Sundial, 1721 = ADL-M266.		Graz.	Zinner 1; Engelmann 1; USNM; Michel 3; ADL; RSW.
FALLER			see Kaltenback, Faller and Co.		Bell 2.
FALLON, THOMAS	England, PHIM	Wheel Barometer = X.		Manchester.	Goodison 1.
FALLOW, JOSEPH	England, fl.1827-29, PHIM		barometer maker.	127 Pilgrim Street, Newcastle-on-Tyne.	Goodison 1.
FAMADIO	PHIM	Wheel Barometer = K. and C. 9/20/71.			RSW.
FANNER			see DeGrave, Short and Fanner.
FANZAGO, PIETRO	Italy, 1583, MIM	Astronomical Clock, 1583 = Palazzo, Clusone.		Clusone.	Morpurgo 1.
FARADAY, MICHAEL	England, 1791-1867,		invented the electro-magnetic generator.		G.L'E. Turner 24; DSB.
FARBINGER	Germany, c.1700, MIM	Pocket Calendar = Soth. 2/21/66.			RSW.
FARDOIL, P.	France, fl.1684-1722, MIM	Astronomical Clock = POB.	also signed "J. Caffiéri et A. Coypel" on case.	Paris.	Trois Siècles.
FARELLI, C.	England, c.1800, PHIM	Stick Barometer = P-B 4/28/39.		Northampton.	RSW.
FAREY, JOHN, JNR.	England, fl.1791-1851, MIM NIM	Ellipsograph = Christie-SK 2/2/77 = RSM; Sextant = RSM.	invented a perspective machine in 1807; invented an ellipsograph in 1813; ellipsograph signed "Invented and Made by John Farey, Jnr"; suggested inverting the slide on the Soho slide rules in 1827.	Westminster, London.	NMM 1; G.L'E. Turner 24; Delehar 9; RSW.
FARFLER, STEFAN	Germany, c.1655, MIM		sandglass and clock maker.	Nürnberg.	Lunardi.
FARIMA, VINCENZO	Italy, MIM	Universal Sundial = NMM-D.75.			NMM 2.
FARLAM, EBENEZER	England, c.1707, MIM		apprenticed to Nathaniel Smith of the Clockmakers' Company on May 5, 1707.		J. Brown 3.
FARMADIE	England, PHIM	Stick Barometer = VNN.		2 St. John's Street Road (London?).	RSW.
FARMER	England, PHIM	Wheel Barometer = X.		Christchurch.	Goodison 1.
FARMER, F.C., AND SON	England, c.1840, MIM	Slide Rule for publicans, boxwood = D.(1987).		Waterloo, Liverpool.	Coffeen 15.
FARMER, JAMES	England, fl. 1672-1708, MIM		free of the Grocers' Company by Patrimony in 1672; took apprentices.	Well Street near Well Close, London (1701-08).	J. Brown 1.
FARMER, JOHN 1	England, c.1708, MIM		apprenticed in the Masons' Company in 1708; made free in the Company.		Crawforth 6 & 7.
FARMER, JOHN 2	England, fl.1731-77, MIM		apprenticed to Thomas Cooke 1 in the Joiners' Company on Dec. 4, 1722; made free of the Company Dec. 7, 1731; took over John Atkinson 2 as an apprentice from George Wright 1 of the Grocers' Company in 1739; uncle of Richard Gearing who succeeded him; made slide rules.	Cateaton Street (1731); St. Anns Lane near Aldersgate (1739); Lothbury; Dove Court, upper end Old Jewry, Wood Street; Whitefriars (1743); Pye Corner (1751); all in London.	J. Brown 1; Crawforth 1, 6 & 7; Darius 2; RSW.
FARMER, THOMAS	England, c.1703, MIM		apprenticed to James Farmer of the Grocers' Company in 1703.		J. Brown 1.
FARMER, WILLIAM	England, c.1750, NIM	Mariner's Compass = NMM-Gabb Coll.	may be man who was apprenticed to his father, James Farmer, in 1708.	near the Limekiln, Horsley Down, London.	Taylor 2(476); J. Brown 1; RSW; Evans 1; May.
FARNGREN, JOHAN AUGUST	Sweden, 1811-60, MIM	Pantograph = NOR.	Färngren; T.C.	No. 9 Smala gränden, Stockholm.	Pipping 1; RSW.
FARONE	England, PHIM	Wheel Barometer = Soth.-C 10/9/86.		Bristol.	RSW.
FARONI, G.	England, PHIM	Barometer = KOT.		Hull.	RSW.
FARR, JOSEPH	USA, 1775-1845, MIM SIM	Surveying Compasses = P.C., D.(1986), Buffalo Historical Society, N.Y., Wisconsin Historical Society, Madison, Henry Ford Museum, Dearborn, Mich.	the last instrument is numbered "85."	Cunningham, Mass. (1775); Manlius Village, N.Y.	Smart 1; Coffeen 12.
FARRAR, THOMAS	England, c.1677,		apprenticed to Walter Hayes in the Grocers' Company in 1677.		J. Brown 1.
FARRELL, J.	England, c.1850, OIM	Telescope = D.(1981).		Manchester.	Moskowitz 122.
FARRER, JOHN	England, c.1728, MIM		apprenticed to Joseph Harrison in the Grocers' Company in 1713; turned over to Thomas Franklyn, Stationer, in 1716; free of the Grocers' Company in 1728.		J. Brown 1.
FARROW AND JACKSON	England, c.1825+, MIM PHIM	Syke's Hydrometers = Phillips 2/14/79, Christie-SK 5/10/77, P.C.; Slide Rule, double, ivory = D.(1972); Bung Stick, wood = BIR; Slide Rule, double, wood = ADL-W144.	the Adler rule is marked "Farrow and Jackson Makers Ltd., London."	London.	Moskowitz 103; ADL; RSW.
FARTHING, I.H.	England, post-1799, MIM		T.C. on polygraph invented by Marc Brumel in 1799, patent number 2305.	Cornhill, London.	RSW.
FASANA	England, PHIM	Stick Barometers = X(2).	one signed "Fasana Bath"; the other gives the street address as well.	35 Milsom Street, Bath.	Goodison 1.
FASCUA, F.	England, 19th Century, PHIM	Wheel Barometer = Phillips 1/30/84.		Bath.	RSW.
FASOLDT, CHARLES	USA, c.1850, MIM		made mechanical instruments, watches and clocks.	Rome; Albany; both in New York.	Harrold.
FASSANO, JOS.	England, PHIM	Wheel Barometer = X.			Goodison 1.
FASTRE	France, PHIM		Fastré; barometer maker.	Paris.	Ashworth.
FASTRE AINE	France, 1849, PHIM	Barometer, Fortin-type = CNAM.	Fastré aîné.	Quai des grands Augustins 63, Paris.	Middleton 1.
FATIGET	c.1600, MIM SIM	Trigonum (surveying rule) = P.C.	"Fatiget non Rapiat"; a motto, not a maker.		RSW.
FATORINI, A.	England, PHIM	Wheel Barometer = X.	see Antonio Fattorini.		Goodison 1.
FATORINI, M. 1	England, PHIM	Wheel Barometer = X.		Chichester.	Goodison 1.
FATORINI, M. 2	England, PHIM	Wheel Barometers = X, Polesden Lacey.		24 Charles Street, Hatton Garden, London.	Goodison 1.
FATTON, FREDERICK LOUIS	France; England, c.1822,		patented an astronomical clock, 1822.	Paris; New Bond Street, London.	Britten.
FATTORINI AND SONS	England, c.1850, PHIM	Wheel Barometer = Soth. 12/14/89.		Skipton and Bradford.	RSW.
FATTORINI, ANTONIO	England, c.1831,		pedlar of clocks and barometers; see also "Fatorini."	Como House, Harrowgate.	Goodison 1.
FATTORINI, JOSEPH	England, pre-1838-48, PHIM		barometer maker; in partnership with Henry Austin and John Cattanes, and Peter Ballarini before 1838; partner with Henry and Philip Cattanes in Cattanes and Co. (1848).	King's Staith (pre-1838); 12 Castlegate (1848); both in York.	Goodison 1.
FAULHABER, JOH.	Germany, c.1600, MIM		invented a surveying instrument.	Ulm.	Weil 2(4).
FAULKINGHAM	England, 1672,		sold faulty rules made by John Nash 1.	under the south east Corner of the Royal Exchange, London.	J. Brown 3.
FAULKNER, JOHN, AND SON	England, c.1850, MIM SIM	Surveying Instrument = OXF.	for measuring altitudes; has a water level.		RSW.
FAURAY	France, c.1800, MIM		"Opticien"; TC in architect's etui of instruments.	Quai de l'Horloge à Paris.	Gersaint, La Rochelle 7/23/94.
FAURE	France, 1724, MIM	Sundial, 1724 = Villeneuve, Hautes Alpes.		Villeneuve.	Gatty.
FAUTH AND CO.	USA, MIM SIM	Theodolite = P.C.		Washington, D.C.	USNM.
FAUTOUT-CHUIZY			see Sautout-Choizy.		Weil 2(4).
FAVA, J.	England, PHIM	Wheel Barometer = X.			Goodison 1.
FAVER	England, c.1838,		mis-spelling of Fayrer?	London.	Taylor 2(2125).
FAVERIL, C.	England, PHIM	Wheel Barometer = Soth. 5/18/89.		Lincoln.	RSW.
FAVERIO, F.	England, PHIM	Wheel Barometers = X, Phillips 11/16/76.		Lincoln.	Goodison 1; RSW.
FAVERIO, J.	England, c.1830, PHIM	Barometer = Soth. Wilkinson and Hodge 11/30/23; Wheel Barometers = Soth.-Sussex 9/18/86, D.(1972).	some of these barometers are signed "Faverio Andover."	Andover.	RSW.
FAVRAY	France, 18th Century, MIM OIM SIM	Microscope = OXF or KEN; Theodolite = Weschler 5/22/76; Telescope = A-P 3/15/76.		à la Ville de Genève, 69 (or 79) Quai de l'Horloge, Paris.	Nachet; RSW.
FAWCETT, JOHN	Ireland, fl.1775-93, OIM		optician and watchmaker.	34 Dame Street (1775-86); 3 Grafton Street (1787-92); 133 Capel Street (1793); all in Dublin.	Bryden 9; Morrison-Low and Burnett; G. Ferrel.
FAWCETT, W.H.	USA, fl.1856-57, MIM		worked for J. and W. Burt.	24 Jefferson Avenue, Detroit, Mich.	Smart 1.
FAY, J.G.	England, 19th Century, NIM	Sextant = La Rochelle 7/16/83.		Southampton.	RSW.
FAY, S., AND SON	England, c.1825, NIM	Marine Compasses = Longleat House(2).		Cowes, Isle of Wight.	RSW.
FAYER	England?, pre-1845, MIM	Universal Equatorial Sundial = S. Leigh Soth. 4/24/1845-38.			RSW.
FAYRER	England, c.1830, MIM OIM	Orrery = OXF; Telescope = Soth. 9/20/83.	either James or John Fayrer.	41? White Lion Street, Pentonville, London.	Taylor 2(2125); RSW.
FAYRER AND SONS	England, c.1825, PHIM	Marine Barometer = VNN.		London.	RSW.
FAYRER, J.	England, fl.1826-70, MIM NIM OIM	Circle = PEA-4530; Equatorial Telescope = D.(1986).	either James or John Fayrer.	40 White Lion Street; 66 White Lion Street; both Pentonville, London.	Brewington 1; Wynter 1.
FAYRER, JAMES	England, fl.1838, MIM PHIM		"Faver" in the directories may be a misspelling of this name; Taylor said that he and his brother, John Fayrer, divided some of Troughton's instruments; made instruments for the East India Company.	40 White Lion Street, Pentonville, London.	Taylor 2(2125); Brewington 1; Wynter 1.
FAYRER, JOHN	England, c.1838, MIM PHIM		see James Fayrer; made instruments for the East India Company.	40 White Lion Street, Pentonville, London.	Taylor 2(2125); Brewington 1; Wynter 1.
FAYTHURNE	England, c.1609, OIM		made perspective machines.	London.	Latham and Matthews, Vol. 9.
FAYVER	England, MIM SIM	Theodolite = Phillips 11/16/76.		London.	RSW.
FAZZI, SAMUEL	Italy, 1760, PHIM	Thermometer, 1760 = SPI-2866.			Michel 3; Nachet; RSW.
FEATHERS, P., AND CO.	Scotland, c.1850, NIM	Sextant = FRK-S6 = RSM.		Dundee.	Frank; Clarke et al.
FEATHERS, P.C.	Scotland, NIM	Sextant = Dundee City Museum and Art Gallery.	surely Peter Arith Feathers.	Dundee.	RSW.
FEATHERS, PETER ARITH	Scotland, fl.1842-73, NIM OIM	Octants, ebony, ivory = D.(1982), FRK = RSM, Soth. 3/10/87.	T.C.; took his son as a partner in 1874.	73 High Street (1842); No. 10 Dock Street (1845-50); 26 Dock Street (1853-68); 40 Dock Street (1869-73); all in Dundee.	Bryden 3; Coffeen A; Frank; Moskowitz 102; Clarke et al.
FEATHERSTON, JOHN	England, fl.1650-68, MIM	Wall Sundials, 1650 = Packwood House, Hockley Heath (3); Polyhedral Garden Sundial, 1668 = Packwood House, Hockley Heath.		Hockley Heath.	RSW.
FEATON, JOHN	England, c.1733, MIM		apprenticed to Simon Cade of the Clockmakers' Company on March 5, 1733.		J. Brown 3.
FEAU, NICOLAS	France, c.1625, MIM	Astrolabe Table Clock = Petit Palais, Paris.	Féau.	Marseilles.	Baillie 1.
FECHTER	Switzerland, 18th Century, MIM SIM	Plane Table with fixed and movable alidades = BASH; Quadrant = Stuker Auction 1958.		Basle.	RSW.
FECIOLUS, IO. DOM.	Germany, 1558, MIM	Astrolabe, 1558 = OXF.	gift of Mrs. Billmeir, 1973.	Trent.	RSW.
FEELING, T. THOMAS	France, 1734, MIM	Garden Sundial, slate, 1734 = P.C.	Abbé de Meldon (Meudon?); Teeling? Keeling?	Meldon (Meudon).	Chew.
FEHRENBACK			see Stratz and Fehrenback.		John Bell.
FEHRENS AND ALBRECHT	USA, fl.1852-65, MIM NIM PHIM			New York, N.Y.	USNM.
FEIL, CHARLES	France, post-1827, OIM		grandson of Guinand; "Ancienne maison Ch. Feil"; succeeded his grandfather; succeeded by Mantois.		USNM.
FEILDER, THOMAS	England, fl.1687-1720, MIM		apprenticed to Withers Cheney of the Clockmakers' Company on Sept. 9, 1678; free of the Company on Sept. 9, 1687; Master of the Company, 1715; took apprentices.	London.	J. Brown 3.
FELD			see Felt.		Michel 3.
FELDT			see Felt.		Michel 3.
FELKL, J., AND SON	Czechoslovakia, c.1850, MIM	Terrestrial Globe = DNM.	made for Croatia.	Prague.	RSW.
FELKL, JAN	Poland; Czechoslovakia, 1817-88, MIM		globe maker.	Rostock; Prague.	Globus, June 1963.
FELKL, L.	Poland; Gemany; Czech; Holl, 1817-87, MIM	Terrestrial Globe, 1850 = VNL; Planetarium, Ptolemaic = Birmingham Public Library, Alabama.		Rostock; Leipzig; Prague; Groningen.	Globus, Dec. 1957, June 1962; Yonge.
FELL, ABRAHAM	England, fl.1740-70, MIM		made a new gnomon for the Ulverston church sundial in 1763.	Ulverston	Britten.
FELLATA	France, c.1820, PHIM	Stick Barometer = Drouot Richelieu 4/28/88.		Place du Colège Royal, Lyon.	RSW.
FELLWOCK, JOHANN GEORG	Germany, fl.1762-83, MIM	Quadrant, 1766 = PRA; Azimuth Quadrant, 1768 = DEU; Astronomical Clock, 1768 = Würzburg University Library; Planetarium, 1772 = BAM.	Johann Georg Fellwöck, globe maker.	Würzburg.	Zinner 1; Horsky 2; Daumas 1; Wheatland 2; Czech. Inv.; Narodni; Globus, June,'62 and '63.
FELT, D., AND CO.	USA, MIM	Rule and Rectangular Protractor, ivory = D.(1993).		New York, N.Y.	Coffeen 41.
FELT, DAVID	USA, MIM	Terrestrial Globe, stand = Soth.-PB pre-1980.		New York, N.Y. and Boston, Mass.	RSW.
FELT, EBERHARD	Germany, d.1600, MIM		made diptych sundials; probably the son of Hans Felt; the name is also written "Feld."	Nürnberg.	Michel 1 & 3; Baillie 1; Gouk 1.
FELT, HANS	Germany, fl.1561-77, MIM	Diptych Sundial, ivory, 1566 = Drecker-110 = DPW = ADL-DPW20; Diptych Sundial, ivory = P.C.; Sundial = Evans Coll.	Master in 1564; the maker's mark is a fool's head; probably the father of Eberhard, Marx and Martin; the name is also spelled "Feld."	Nürnberg.	Zinner 1; Michel 3; Evans 1; Gunther 2; Baillie 1; Gouk 1; ADL; RSW.
FELT, MARTIN	Germany, d.1602, MIM		made ivory diptych sundials; probably the son of Hans Felt; sometimes spelt "Feldt."	Nürnberg.	Michel 1 & 3; Baillie 1; Gouk 1.
FELT, MARX	Germany, d.1602, MIM		made ivory diptych sundials; probably the son of Hans Felt.	Nürnberg.	Michel 1 & 3; Baillie 1; Gouk 1.
FELT, WOLF	Germany, c.1682, MIM		compass maker; made sundials.	Nürnberg.	Gouk 1.
FENDERICH, CHRISTIAN	Germany?, MIM	Ring Sundial = ZUR.			Zinner 1.
FENET, LEON	France, c.1890, MIM	Celestial Planisphere = Versailles 11/20/83.	done under the direction of Camille Flammarion.		RSW.
FENIG	England, 1795, MIM	Armillary Sphere, 1795 = P. & S. 11/21/1894; Celestial Globe = P. & S. 11/21/1894.			RSW.
FENING	c.1750, MIM	Armillary Sphere = WHI.	may be Fenig		Price 12.
FENN	England, c.1850, MIM	Triangular Rule, ivory = D.(1976).		Newgate Street, London.	Moskowitz.
FENN, DANIEL	England, c.1780, MIM	Wheel-Cutting Machine = OXF; Hodometer works with compass = BM.		London.	Taylor 2(965); Price 3; Ward 4.
FENN, ISAAC	England, fl.1765-68, MIM	Hodometer = Christie 12/12/1794.	T.C.; invented a hodometer, patent granted in 1765.	at the Sign of the Measuring Wheel, near the corner of Bond Street in Oxford Street, London.	Crawforth 1; RSW.
FENN, J.	England, c.1850, MIM	Watchmaker's Rule, ivory = D.(1976).		London.	Moskowitz.
FENTIMAN, JOHN	England, c.1798, MIM		a member of the Tiler and Bricklayers' Company; he took over Daniel Cass as an apprentice on June 23, 1798 from William Morris of the Grocers' Company.	London.	J. Brown 1.
FENTON AND SONS	England, MIM		T.C. in a box for an equatorial sundial.	11 New Oxford Street, London.	Wheatland 2.
FENWICK, T.			probably the owner; marked on a levelling staff by H. Atkinson.		RSW.
FER, A. DE	France, 1670,	Drawings of Quadrant, Cylinder Sundial, and Regiomontanus Sundial, 1670 = PBN-GED12781, -82, -83.		L'Isle du Palais sur le quai de l'Horloge, à la Sphère Royale, Paris.	RSW.
FERARI	France, c.1800, PHIM	Stick Barometer = D.(1975).		Lille.	RSW.
FERARI, B.	England, PHIM	Wheel Barometer = X.		Ipswich.	Goodison 1.
FERAT	France, c.1750-1802, MIM PHIM SIM	Levels with sights = La Rochelle 7/16/83, P.C.(1987); Graphometers = P.C., Christie 3/21/91 (with case); Horizontal Sundial in watch case = O-F; Circumferentor, telescopic sights = D.(1965); Protractor for prisms = D.(1969); Goniometers = P.C., STT; Miner's Compass = P.C. (1987); Folding Rule, ebony and silver = D.(1989); Stick Barometer, 1802 = Leeds Castle = Christie 12/12/96.	Férat; Ferrat? level signed "Ecole imperial de Chalons"; rule is in "decimètres" and has silver numerals set into the ebony; barometer is signed "Chalons-sur-Marne."	opposite the Palais Marchand, Paris.	Monreal; Nachet; Brieux 3; Pipping 2; MAD march, 1997; RSW.
FERCHEL			see Strebin und Ferchel.		RSW.
FERCHEL, JOSEPH	Germany, fl.1841-47, MIM	Equatorial Sundial = Drecker; Sundial, 1847 = DEU; Instrument = NYM; Geared Sundial = P. and S. 5/19/1896 = OXF.	geared sundial invented by A. Zimmerman (P. and S.); Gunther said the opposite; may be the Ferchel in Strebin und Ferchel, which see.		Evans 1; Gunther 6; RSW.
FERCHNER, ANDREAS	Austria, c.1750, MIM	Celestial Globe on clock = WUP.	copy of Roll clock in VIE.	Vienna.	RSW.
FERDINAND II, GRAND DUKE OF TUSCANY	Italy, c.1660,		invented the sealed, alcohol thermometer.		Middleton 4.
FERDINAND, SIGNIFER	Spain, 1633, MIM SIM	Plane Table Compass and Circle, 1633 = D.(1968).		Valencia.	RSW.
FEREARIUS			see Ferrerius.
FEREIUS			see Ferrerius.
FEREMITE, ANTOINE	France, c.1620, MIM		Antoine Férémité.	Paris.	Hamilton 2.
FERENC, ELEKES	Hungary, c.1850, MIM		globe maker.		Tooley.
FERGUSON		Cruciform Sundial = UTR.	probably modern.		RSW.
FERGUSON, DANIEL	Scotland; England, c.1771,		apprenticed to George Linnell of the Spectaclemakers' Company in 1771.	Edinburgh.	Court and von Rohr 3(201).
FERGUSON, JAMES 1	Scotland; England, 1710-76, MIM OIM	made orreries, miniature globes with cases, "Astronoma Rotula" = RSM; several types of sundials, telescopes, etc; may be seen at the Banff Museum, KEN; FLO, NMM, NYM, ADL, RSM, VCW, etc.	astronomer; lecturer; F.R.S., 1763; author; taught by Cantley.	Banff; Edinburgh; Mortimer Street, London.	Taylor 2(258); Calthrop; Ward 3; Wynter and Turner; NMM 2; DNB; DSB; H.C. King 2; Wynter 1; Stevenson; Yonge; Krogt 2; Clarke et al; ADL; RSW.
FERGUSON, JAMES 2	Scotland; England, c.1765,		son of James Ferguson 1; apprenticed to John Troughton 1 in the Grocers' Company in 1765.		J. Brown 1.
FERICHEL, JOSEPH	MIM	Sundial in watch, copper = P. and S. 4/21/1898.	may be Ferchel.		RSW.
FERIEUS			see Ferrerius.
FERIEUS, JO. PAULUS			see Gio. Paolo Ferreri.
FERIGNY, J.F.	1736, MIM	Inclinable Sundial, 1736 = FRA.	amateurish.		RSW.
FERIN, AUGUSTO	Portugal, MIM		T.C.	70 Rua Nova do Almada, Lisbon.	RSW.
FERINA, VINCENZO	Italy, pre-1765, MIM	Horologium, wood pedestal = Goldschmied Coll. = NMM-Caird.	initials P.G. added later.		NMM 2; RSW.
FERONI, ALEXANDER	Ireland, fl.1809-10, PHIM		barometer maker; 1809 directory showed his name as "Ferony."	49 Fleet Street, Dublin.	Morrison-Low and Burnett.
FERRARI, LORENZO	Italy, fl.1813-24, MIM	Astronomical Clock = X; Cannon Sundial = P. and S. 6/18/1894.	also marked "Laurent".	Parma.	Morpurgo 1; Evans 1; Baillie 1.
FERRARI, LUIGI	Italy, MIM	Magnetic Compass = ADL-M467.			Fox 1; RSW.
FERRAT, JEAN BAPTISTE PIERRE FRANCOIS	France, c.1750, MIM NIM	Level = CNAM; Repeating Circle = ECO.	Jean Baptiste Pierre François Ferrat; possibly same as Ferat.	Cloître Nôtre-Dame, Paris.	Daumas 1; Paris 1900.
FERREIRA, MANOEL	Portugal, fl.1748-71, NIM	Marine Compass, wood and paper, 1771 = HAA; Instrument, 1748 = PMM.	HAA is in an octagonal, wooden painted box.	Lisbon.	Schück 2; Price 2; RSW.
FERRERI, GIOVANNI PAOLO	Italy; France, fl.1600-24, MIM	Armillary Spheres = LEY (1600), NMM (1602, 1624).	LEY has star points; NMM are from the Barbarini Coll.; also signed as "Jo. Paulus Ferrerius", "Jo. Paulus Ferieus", "Paolo Ferrero."	Rome; Paris.	Michel 3; NMM 2; USNM; Morpurgo 1; RSW; Globus, Dec. 1956 and 1957.
FERRERIUS, JO. PAULUS			see Giovanni Paulus Ferreri.
FERRERO, PAOLO			see Giovanni Paulus Ferreri.
FERRET	France, fl.1770-89, OIM		lens maker; considered as a candidate for honor by the Royal Academy of Sciences.	Paris.	Daumas 1.
FERRIER	France, 18th Century, MIM	Horizontal Sundial base = Soth. 12/19/66; Sundial Plate = Koller June 1967.		aux Galeries, Paris.	RSW.
FERRIER, ANTOINE	France, c.1820, PHIM	Money Scales = La Rochelle 7/16/83, Versailles 4/17/83.	"Balancier ajusteur".	rue St. Roch n° 6 près la Fontaine, Paris.	RSW.
FERRIER, ANTOINE DU	France, fl.1600-22, MIM	Pocket Calendars, 1607 = P.C.; Sundial, silver, 1616 = NMM-Caird; Sundial in watch = BM; Astronomical Compendium, 1607 = van Heusen Coll. = LOS.	set up by Henri IV in his workshop in the Louvre; clockmaker to Louis XIII; 1616 sundial modified by Butterfield; see Le Sieur de Ferrier; the center section of the compendium has been incorrectly reassembled.	au Louvre, Paris.	Michel 1 and 3; MADEX; USNM; RSW; Daumas 1; Nachet; Baillie 1; Thielmann.
FERRIER, GUILLAUME	France, fl.1620-22, MIM OIM	Magnetic Azimuth Sundial = OXF; Sundial = Soth. 1/27/48.	son of Antoine du Ferrier; worked for Descartes in an attempt to produce hyperbolic lenses.	à la Gallerie, Paris.	Michel 1 and 3; Daumas 1; Josten; Société Belge; Maison Française; RSW.
FERRIER, JEAN	France, c.1641, MIM OIM	Quadrant = Académie royale des Sciences, Paris.	in the 1641 inventory of the Académie; made microscopes with hyperbolic lenses.	Paris.	Daumas 1; A.J. Turner 10.
FERRIER, LE SIEUR DE	France, 1611, MIM	Astronomical Compendium, 1611 = Warren Coll. (1928) = Soth. May, 1974 = D.(1976).	Antoine du Ferrier?; dated "Nov. 21, 1611".		Culver 1; Brieux 3.
FERRIER, THORNTON	England, fl.1817-23, PHIM		barometer maker? father of William Thornton Ferrier?	34 Blackfriargate (1817); Queen Street (1822-23); both in Hull.	Goodison 1.
FERRIER, WILLIAM THORNTON	England, fl.1826-51, PHIM	Wheel Barometers = X.	signed "W.T. Ferrier."	11 Queen Street (1826-42); 5 Nelson Street (1846-51); both in Hull.	Goodison 1.
FERRIG	1795, MIM	Armillary Sphere, 1795 = X.	surely Fenig.		Evans 1.
FERRIS, T.	England, PHIM	Stick Barometer = X.		Poole.	Goodison 1.
FES, JOZE DA CRUS A			see Crus.		RSW.
FESTE, L.	England, PHIM	Wheel Barometer X.			Goodison 1.
FETTANI, T.	England, PHIM	Wheel Barometer = X.			Goodison 1.
FEUCHERE, C.G.	France, c.1800, PHIM	Stick Barometer = D.(1989).			RSW.
FEVONY			see Alexander Feroni.		Morrison-Low and Burnett.
FEYHEL, MARTIN	Germany, fl.1578-80, MIM	Hodometer, 1580 = DRE.		Nürnberg; Augsburg; Dresden.	Michel 3; Rohde; Nachet; Baillie 1; Beckmann; RSW.
FEYKES, B.	Holland, fl.1826-57, MIM	Compass = WHI.		Oude Teertuinen 42 (1826-52); Oude Teertuinen 133; both in Amsterdam.	Mörzer Bruyns 2; RSW.
FICK, A.	Russia, 1829-1901, MIM	Myograph = GMT.			Maistrov 4.
FICKLER	Germany, c.1568,		invented an astronomical compendium made by Nicholaus Rensberg.		Basserman-Jordan 1.
FIDLER, ROBERT	England, fl.1805-13, MIM NIM OIM PHIM	Mean Motion Orrery, 1813 = KEN; Orrery, 1805 = Dr. Pearson (1805); Sextant = DRE; Balances = KEN, Royal Institution; Barometer = X.		32 Wigmore Street, Cavendish Square, London.	Taylor 2(1332); Daumas 1; KEN; Goodison 1; Britten; RSW.
FIEBIG			see Viebig.		Zinner 1.
FIEBIG, FRANCISCUS	Germany; Hollandfl.1633-47, MIM	Artillery Level, 1633 = BEK; Circumferentors = HAK, Königsberg Staat Kunstsammlung (1647), DEU, NUR; Graphometers = D.(1969), Copenhagen Rundturm; Celestial Globe, 1633 = BEK; Instrument, 1642 = P.C.; Geometry Set = KAS; Theodolite = D.(1969).		Arnstadt; Cologne; The Hague.	Zinner 1; Evans 1; Rizzi; RSW.
FIEDLER, JOHANN, VON WESTIN	Germany, 1752, MIM	Protractor, 1752 = Christie 5/7/63-9.		Dresden.	RSW.
FIELD AND CO.	England, fl.1830-80?, MIM OIM PHIM	Microscopes = Wellcome Museum, Phillips 4/20/83; Microtome = Phillips 11/16/88.	probably the firm of first Robert and then George Field.	New Street; Suffolk Street; both in Birmingham.	Taylor 2(1845); Bryden 9; RSW.
FIELD, CAPT.	England,		see Robert Field.		RSW; Moskowitz 104.
FIELD, GEORGE, AND CO. LTD.	England, post-1850, NIM	Compass in gimbals = FRK-N21.	probably succeeded Robert Field.	Birmingham.	Frank.
FIELD, JAMES	England, 1805, MIM OIM		billhead dated 1805.	2 Bond Street, Bath.	Bryden 9.
FIELD, JOHN	England, fl.1787-1830, MIM OIM PHIM	Microscope = X; Telescope = Soth. 4/22/65.	T.C.; apprenticed to Edward Nairne in the Spectaclemakers' Company, 1779; freed in 1787; worked at the Royal Mint, 1804-1830; Master of the Company, 1799-1801, 1820-22.	74 Cornhill, (1791); His Majesty's Mint (1817-27); both in London.	Taylor 2(833); Calvert 2; Clay and Court; Evans 1; Dewhirst; Crawforth 1; Court and von Rohr 3(213).
FIELD, ROBERT	England, c.1800, MIM OIM SIM	Microscopes = WHI, Cranbrook Institute of Science, Mich.; Parallel Rules = SPL, OMM; Surveying Compass = Melun 4/24/83.	parallel rules marked "Capt. Field's improved rule" and "Field Improved."	33 Navigation Street; 111 New Street, both in Birmingham.	Bryden 9; Moskowitz 104; RSW; USNM; Taylor 2(1845).
FIELD, ROBERT, AND SON	England, c.1830, MIM OIM PHIM SIM	Microscopes = FRK, CMY, P.C., Phillips 2/14/79, Christie 2/2/77; Surveyor's Compasses = Snowshill Manor, D.; Magnetic Compass = Versailles 11/20/83; Protractors = Soth. 12/13/65 and Christie 12/21/71; Stick Barometer = Phillips 9/10/86.	often signed "R. Field and Son."	113 New Street, Birmingham.	Bryden 9; G.L'E. Turner 24; Frank; USNM; Moskowitz 103; RSW.
FIELD, W.	England, c.1850, PHIM	Stick Barometer = Christie-SK 2/26/88.		Aylesbury.	RSW.
FIELD, WALTER	England, 1777, MIM	Slide Rule, boxwood, 1777 = BM.	also marked "Mr. Cuthbertson" and "J. Sutton."		Price 3; Ward 4.
FIELD, WILLIAM	England, c.1662,		apprenticed to Thomas Aldus in the Joiners' Company on July 1, 1662.		Crawforth 7.
FIELOT, R., AND SON	OIM	Compound Microscope = Peron et Corsy, Melun 6/10/79.	probably a misreading of "R. Field and Son."	Birmingham.	RSW.
FIERET	France, c.1620, MIM	Sundial in lid of watch = X.		Montpelier.	Baillie 1.
FIERI	Portugal; England, c.1790, MIM		see Magellan and Fieri.	Lisbon; London.	RSW.
FIEUSET	France, 18th Century, MIM	Butterfield-type Sundial = Soth. 7/31/58; Mathematical Instrument Set = P.C.(1970).		rue Grenetta, Paris.	Troadec; RSW.
FIGATELLI, G.M.	Italy, c.1675,		instrument designer.		Weil 2(23).
FILBRI, GERARD BERNARD ANTON	Hollandfl.1769-1830, MIM	Level, 1769 = LEY.	made instruments for O. Canzius.	Delft.	Rooseboom 1.
FILBRI, GERARD BERNARD HENDRIK	Holland, 1811-83, OIM	Lens, 1753 = DEU.	1753 entry must be a mistake.	Delft.	Rooseboom 1.
FILBY, D. 1	Germany, fl.1750-60, NIM PHIM	Sextants = Cabrillo Marine Museum, Long Beach, Cal. (1750, 1760), HAM; Octants = HAM, Soth.-B 3/2/79; Barometer = HAA; Compass Rose = Staatl. Navigationsschule, Hamburg.		Hamburg.	USNM; Schück 2; RSW.
FILBY, D. 2	Germany, c.1840, NIM	Sextant = P.C.			O'Mara.
FILFORD			see Vandome, Filford and Co.
FILIBERTO, EMANUELE	Italy, fl.1570-75, MIM		globe maker.	Rome.	Globus, Dec. 1956.
FILINGER	England, PHIM	Wheel Barometer = X.		Ely.	Goodison 1.
FILIPPO E HOVER	Italy, c.1764, MIM				Higgens 3.
FINCH	England, MIM SIM	Circumferentor, case = P-B 9/24/38.	may be I. Finch. which see.		RSW.
FINCH, I.	England, c.1750, MIM	Sector = Soth. 2/8/83.			RSW.
FINCH, JACOB	England, c.1686, MIM		apprenticed by turnover to Isaac Carver of the Clockmakers' Company on May 3, 1686.		J. Brown 3.
FINE, FRANCOIS	France?, c.1500, MIM		François Finé.		Maddison 6.
FINE, ORONCE	France, 1494-1555, MIM	Navicula, ivory, 1524 = POR = MPP; Astronomical Clock, 1553 = Bibliothèque Sainte-Geneviève, Paris.	Oronce Finé; instrument designer and maker; author; navicula signed "Op. Orontii F. 1524."	Briançon; Paris.	Daumas 1; Michel 3; Nachet; Poulle 2; Moreux; Brusa 1; Portaluppi Cat.; RSW.
FINLAY, ROBERT	Scotland, fl.1846-50, MIM OIM PHIM			46 John Street (1846-47); 225 George Street (1848); 87 London Street (1849-50); all in Glasgow.	Bryden 3; Clarke et al.
FINLAY, WILLIAM	Scotland, fl.1820-22, MIM			65 George Street, Glasgow.	Bryden 3; Clarke et al.
FINLAYSON, JOHN	Scotland, 1743, MIM OIM SIM	Compound Microscopes = RSM (1743), OXF; Telescopic Level, double = Soth. 10/5/90.	Jacobite; Burgess and Guild Brother, 1743; may have been a Hammerman.	Edinburgh.	Bryden 3 & 4; Nichols; RSW.
FINNEY AND LIDDLE	Scotland, fl.1826-27, OIM		Joseph Finney 2 and William Liddle.	3 North Bank Street, Edinburgh.	Bryden 3.
FINNEY, JOSEPH 1	England, 1708-72, PHIM	Angle Barometers = X, Christie-G 6/30/92, KEN; Pyrometers = X(2); Metallic Thermometer = Burton Constable.	Freeman of Liverpool, 1733; also made hygrometers and clocks; Christie barometer signed "J. Finney, Liverpool", walnut case; Joseph Finney 2 is probably son.	Liverpool.	D.N.B.; Antiquarian Horology, Sept. 1976; Fairclough; Elizabeth Hall; McConnell 1; RSW.
FINNEY, JOSEPH 2	England; Scotland, fl.1770-1825, MIM OIM PHIM	Angle Barometer = KEN; Micrometer Gauge = KEN; Elliptical Trammel = KEN; Dial Pyrometer = KEN; Stick Barometer = P.C.	could be son of Joseph Finney 1; Edinburgh shop may be branch; all KEN instruments are part of George III Coll.; see Finney and Liddle.	Liverpool; 5 Bank Street (1818); 3 North Bank Street, (1819-1825); both Bank Street addresses are in Edinburgh.	Goodison 1; Taylor 2(1553); Daumas 1; Chaldecott 1; Bryden 3; Clarke et al; RSW; Tyler.
FIORA, J.	England, fl.1814-15?, PHIM	Barometer = D.(1970); Wheel Barometers = X, Soth. 12/17/87.	Signed "J. Fiora Nottingham"; the name also appears on clocks.	Long Row?, Nottingham.	Goodison 1; RSW.
FIORENZA, FRANCISCO	Italy,	set of ivory tablets with designs of a fortress.	Peter Brophy thinks the work is Flemish or Dutch.	Milan.	Brophy.
FIORINI, MATTEO	Italy, 1827-1901, MIM	Terrestrial and Celestial Globes = Museo della Societa Geografica Italiana, Rome.		Bologna.	Maddison 7; Globus, Dec.1956.
FIORINO, S.D.	c.1835, PHIM	Barometer = KAS.			von Mackensen 1.
FIORUZZI E BIANCHI	Italy; France?, c.1820, PHIM	Galvanometer = Dept. of Physics, U. of Parma.	A. Fioruzzi and B. Bianchi 3 of Paris collaborated on this instrument used in Macedonio Melloni's lab.	Piacenza; Paris?	Brenni 1.
FIORUZZI, A.	Italy; France?, c.1820, PHIM		see Fioruzzi e Bianchi.	Piacenza.	Brenni 1.
FISCHER 1	England, 1783, MIM		patented a pedometer in 1763.	London.	Baillie 1.
FISCHER 2	USA, c.1850, MIM	Hydrometer Set = Soth.-N.Y. 2/23/79.		58 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, Pa.	RSW.
FISCHER, JOHANN PAUL	Germany, c.1840, MIM	Heliochronometers = PRA, Soth. 11/16/87.		Nürnberg?	Zinner 1; Horsky and Skopova; RSW.
FISCHER, N.C.	Germany, 1781, MIM	Mining Compass, 1781 = P.C.(1987).		Saalfeld.	RSW.
FISCHER, PETRUS	Denmark, 1591, MIM	Perpetual Calendar, 1591 = ROS-66.	pupil of Tycho Brahe.		Rosenborg Castle Cat.
FISH, ASA	USA, MIM	Gunter Scale = Streeter Coll. = MYS.		Mystic, Conn.	RSW.
FISHER	USA, c.1823, PHIM	Barometer = Athenaeum of Philadelphia, Pa.	may be Martin Fisher; also made thermometers and other philosophical instruments.	Philadelphia, Pa.	USNM.
FISHER, EBENEZER	England, c.1725, MIM		apprenticed to Joseph Smith 1 of the Clockmakers' Company on March 4, 1717 for eight years; free of the Company on Oct. 4, 1725.	London.	J. Brown 3.
FISHER, JAMES	USA, fl.1846-53, PHIM		also made chemical apparatus.	58 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, Pa.	USNM.
FISHER, JOHN 1	England, c.1776,		apprenticed to Richard Rust in the Grocers' Company in 1776.		J. Brown 1.
FISHER, JOHN 2	USA, c.1790, MIM		made an astronomical clock in 1790.	Yorktown, Pa.	Prime; USNM.
FISHER, JOSEPH	USA, fl.1849-53, MIM PHIM			Philadelphia, Pa.	USNM.
FISHER, MARTIN	USA, c.1791, PHIM		made glass instruments, barometere, thermometers, etc; succeeded Alloysius Ketterer; see Fisher.	Race Street, Philadelphia, Pa.	Middleton 1; Bedini 1 and 8; USNM.
FISHER, THOMAS	USA, c.1846, MIM		made an astronomical device; won an award for it in 1846.	Philadelphia, Pa.	USNM.
FISHWICK, C.	England, c.1839, MIM NIM OIM			Naval Quay, Hull.	Taylor 2(2127).
FITCH, JOHN 1	England?, c.1770, MIM	Protractor = X.		Haviland.	Price 2 (1964).
FITCH, JOHN 2	USA, c.1793,		improved the traverse board with "The Columbian Ready Reckoner", 1793.	Philadelphia, Pa.	Bedini 8.
FITCHETT, EDWARD	England, c.1804,		apprenticed to Michael Dancer in the Joiners' Company on Nov. 20, 1804.		Crawforth 7.
FITTON, ALEXANDER	Ireland, fl.1780-87, MIM NIM OIM PHIM	Hadley's Quadrant, 1780 = P.C.	worked with Francis Fitton.	36 Grafton Street; 60 Paul Street (1787); both in Cork.	Taylor 2(834); Brewington 1; Jannasch; Morrison-Low and Burnett.
FITTON, ALEXANDER AND FRANCIS	Ireland, fl.1784-87, MIM NIM			36 Grafton Street, Cork.	Taylor 2(834).
FITTON, FRANCIS	Ireland, fl.1784-87, MIM NIM	Hadley's Quadrant, 1784 = PEA.	worked with Alexander Fitton.	36 Grafton Street (1784); 36 Paul Street (1787); both in Cork.	Taylor 2(834); Brewington 1; NMM 1; Morrison-Low and Burnett.
FITZ, HENRY, JR.	USA, 1803-63, OIM	Lens, ten-inch, achromatic = ADL-A207; twelve-inch Objective = P.C.; Refracting Telescopes = USNM, U. of Michigan, Allegheny Observatory.	first important telescope maker in the U.S.A.	508 Fourth Street, New York, N.Y.	USNM; Howell; Multhauf 2; ADL; RSW.
FITZGERALD, KEANE	England, fl.1765-75, PHIM	Metallic Thermometer = X.	designed a new wheel barometer; author.		Taylor 2(478); Chaldecott 4; Middleton 1.
FITZGERALD, MICHAEL	Ireland, c.1820, MIM			Sullivan's Quay, Cork.	Morrison-Low and Burnett.
FITZGERALD, WILLIAM	England, c.1801, NIM		invented a marine level instrument.	Grey's Inn, Middlesex, London[?].	Taylor 2(1122).
FITZROY, ADMIRAL ROBERT	England, 1805-65,		designed a new scale for barometere and a new shock-proof barometer for naval ships, both after 1850.	London.	Goodison 1; Middleton 1; G.L'E. Turner 24.
FIXLMILLNER, PLACIDUS	Austria, 1721-91, MIM SIM	Graphometer, 1766 = KRM.		Kremsmünster.	Zinner 1; Rabenalt.
FLACK, RICHARD	England, c.1749,		apprenticed to Edward Roberts 1 in the Joiners' Company on May 2, 1749.		Crawforth 7.
FLAMENT	France, 19th Century, MIM	Set of Drawing Instruments = Christie-NY 10/24/83.	the French curve is marked "3614 Bte. S.G.D.G."	Paris.	RSW.
FLAMSTEED, JOHN	England, 1646-1719, MIM	Mural Quadrant (with Abraham Sharp), 1688-1689 = NMM.	The first Astronomer Royal; author.	Greenwich.	Taylor 1(318); Daumas 1; Nachet; Howse 1.
FLANAGAN, PATRICK	Ireland, 1824, MIM			13 Fishamble Street, Dublin.	Morrison-Low and Burnett.
FLANTIN, ETIENNE	France, c.1608, MIM		instrument maker to Henry IV.	au Louvre, Paris.	Daumas 1.
FLECHET, P.	France, MIM	Heliochronometer = Musée Lombard, Geneva.		Paris.	RSW.
FLECHET, P.,ET CIE.	France, c.1850, MIM	Heliochronometer = USN.	"Ingénieur".	5 Rue Nve. Pr. Augustin, Paris.	Evans 1; RSW.
FLECHEUX, ABBE	France, c.1780, MIM	Tellurium = DPW; Loxocosme = P.C.	Abbé Flecheux; invented the "Loxocosme" to demonstrate the motions of the earth.		Brieux 2; A.J. Turner 10.
FLEETWOOD, RICHARD	England, c.1793, MIM		apprenticed to John Browning 1 in the Grocers' Company on Mar. 7, 1793.	London.	J. Brown 1.
FLEMING, JOHN	England, 1842-47, MIM			41 Brick Lane (1842); 191 St. George Street (1847); both in London.	O'Mara.
FLETCHER	Scotland, MIM	Pair of Globes, small = D.(1983) = RSM.	"Fletcher's Celestial Globe" also appears on a globe made by W. and A.K. Johnston.		Clarke et al; RSW.
FLETCHER, J., AND SON	England, OIM		T.C.; opticians; made chronometers and watches.	148 Leadenhall Street, London.	RSW.
FLETCHER, M., AND SON	England, c.1850, PHIM	Marine Barometer = VNN; Stick Barometer = Hutchinson-Scott Auctioneers, 6/14/94.	Stick barometer signed "Fletcher and Son, London."	95 Leadenhall Street, London.	RSW.
FLIEGER, KASPAR	Germany?, c.1750, MIM	Pair of Globes = Prague Observatory.	Society of Jesus.		Zinner 1; Globus, June 1963.
FLINDELL, JOHN	England, c.1782, OIM		was turned over to George Ribright of the Spectaclemakers' Company in 1775; free of the Company in 1782.		Court and von Rohr 3(206).
FLINT, HENRY	England, c.1701, MIM		apprenticed to Walter Henshaw of the Clockmakers' Company on Feb. 3, 1701.		J. Brown 3.
FLINT, THOMAS	England, fl.1826-48, MIM NIM OIM	Octant = KEN.		9 High Street (1826-31); 31 Whitefriars Gate; 34 Whitefriars Gate (1835-48); all in Hull.	KEN; Taylor 2(2128).
FLOCKHART, ANDREW	England, fl.1811-23, PHIM	Stick Barometer = X.	barometer signed "Flockhart Covent Garden, London."	5 King Street, Covent Garden, London.	Goodison 1.
FLORENT, ARNOLD			see Langren.		ART.
FLORENT, ARNOLD, FILIUS			see Langren.		Belgian Inv.
FLORENT, JACOB			see Langren.		Belgian Inv.; Globus, Dec. 1957.
FLORIANUS, ANTONIUS	Italy, fl.1545-55, MIM	Terrestrial Globe Gores, 1555 = N.Y. Public Library.		Udine.	Yonge.
FLOTTMAN	Germany, c.1700, MIM	Protractor = Soth. 10/4/77 = P.C.		Berlin.	A.J. Turner 10; RSW.
FLOUTRIERES, PIERRE DE	France, c.1619,		Floutrières; designed sundials; author.	Paris.	Goldschmidt Cat.
FLOWER, CHRISTOPHER 1	England, c.1650, MIM		successor to Thomas Flower.	in the Bulwarke by the Tower, London.	Taylor 1(237); NMM 1.
FLOWER, CHRISTOPHER 2	England, 1653-93, MIM OIM		employed by William Spencer 1 in early 1671; apprenticed, 1671, in the Spectaclemakers' Company; free of the Company, 1678.	Bishopsgate Street, London (1693).	Taylor 1(237); Evans 1; Dewhirst; NMM 1; Court and von Rohr 3(43).
FLOWER, GEORGE	England, c.1682, MIM		apprenticed by turnover to James Atkinson 1 of the Clockmakers' Company on July 4, 1670; free of the Company, July 3, 1682.	London.	J. Brown 3.
FLOWER, JOHN	England, fl.1712-57, MIM OIM		son of Christopher Flower 2; free of the Spectaclemakers' Company by Patrimony, 1712; Master of the Company in 1735.		NMM 1; Court and von Rohr 3(81).
FLOWER, MARY	England, fl.1693-97, MIM OIM		widow of Christopher Flower 2; mother of John Flower; managed husband's shop.	Bishopsgate Street, London.	Court and von Rohr 3(68).
FLOWER, SAMUEL	England, MIM		made small Gunter's quadrant.		Taylor 1(217).
FLOWER, THOMAS	England, 1642-97, MIM		succeeded by Christopher Flower 1; engraved scales; his sign suggests that he made sundials.	Sign of the Dyall in the Bulwarke by the Tower, London.	Taylor 1(201); Evans 1.
FLOWER, W.	England, c.1646, MIM		made gunnery instruments described in William Eldred's book.	The Bulwarke by the Tower, London.	Taylor 1(217).
FLOWER, WILLIAM	England, c.1768,		clergyman; invented a type of slide rule; author, 1768; John Bennett 2 made the slide rule.		A.J. Turner 10.
FLUDD, ROBERT	England, 1574-1637,		designed instruments including a geometrical staff and combination barometer and thermometer.	Oxford; London.	Taylor 1(93); Weil 2; Gunther 2.
FOBIS, PIERRE DE	France, fl.1535-65, MIM	Armillary Sphere with clock = VIE; Astronomical Clock, 1535 = X.	globe maker.	Lyon.	Michel 3; Bertele 1; Globus, June 1963; Brieux 2.
FOCARD, JACQUES	France, c.1546,		designed astrolabes; author.	Lyon.	Weil 2(27).
FOCINI, BERNARDO			see Bernardus Facini.
FOEF	MIM	Diptych Sundial, wood = Pugsley Sale.	"No. 5."		RSW.
FOEHR, JAN CORNELISZ VON	Holland?, 1770, NIM	Octant, 1770 = HAK.			RSW.
FOERING			see Pleis, Foering and Thudium.
FOGGED, LUCAS	USA, c.1850, OIM	Telescope = Maritime Museum of British Columbia.			USNM.
FOIRET	France, c.1850, OIM	Parabolic Reflector = D.		Paris.	Moskowitz 103.
FOKKENBERG, J.D.	Holland, 1777, OIM	Microscopes = KEN (1777), CRI.		Utrecht.	Rooseboom 1; Gunther 2; KEN.
FOLE, ROBERT 1	England, c.1667, MIM		one of nineteen instrument makers admitted to the Clockmakers' Company in 1668.		J. Brown 1; Clay and Court.
FOLE, ROBERT 2			misreading for "Jole."		Clay and Court.
FOLETTI, MICHAEL	England, fl.1844-60, PHIM		barometer and thermometer maker.	88 Curtain Road (1844-46); 4-5 Bateman's Row (1847-49); 64 Banner Street (1851-52); 89 Old Street (1853-60); all in London.	Goodison 1.
FOLGER, GIDEON	USA, OIM	Spyglass = Maria Mitchell Science Library, Nantucket, Mass.		Nantucket, Mass.	RSW.
FOLGER, WALTER, JR.	USA, 1765-1849, MIM OIM	Astronomical Clock, Mariner's Compasses, Telescope = Foulger Museum, Nantucket, Mass.	scientist, astronomer, philosopher, Member of Congress, State Senator.	Nantucket, Mass.	Bedini 1; USNM; RSW.
FOLIE, A.P.	1796, MIM	Garden Sundial, small, 1796 = D.			RSW.
FOLKES, MARTIN	England, 1690-1754, OIM		designed a Cuff-type microscope with a micrometer.		Nachet.
FOLLI, P. FRANCESCO	Italy, 1624-85, PHIM	Hygrometer = FLO-2434.		Poppi.	Bonelli 1 & 5.
FOND, SIGAUD DE LA	France, 1730-1810,		worked on the plate electrical machine, 1771.		A.J. Turner 10.
FONDRINIER			see Fourdrinier.		Hamilton 2.
FONETES	MIM	Pillar Sundial, wood = DPW.			RSW.
FONTAINE, DE	England, c.1800, PHIM	Wheel Barometer = Soth.-S 1/25/89.			RSW.
FONTAINEMOREAU, PIERRE ARMAND	Scotland, c.1844,		Le Comte de Fontainemoreau; he invented a new type of barometer.	Skinner's Place, Sise Lane, Edinburgh?	Practical Mechanic and Engineer's Magazine, Vol.IV, p.56.
FONTANA 1	England, PHIM	Wheel Barometer = X.		Wycombe.	Goodison 1.
FONTANA 2	England,	see B. Fontana; Bulla, Grassi and Fontana; Grassi and Fontana.		Exeter.	Goodison 1.
FONTANA, B.	England, fl.1830-56, PHIM	Wheel Barometer = X.	signed "B. Fontana Exeter".	Cowick Street, St. Thomas, Exeter.	Goodison 1.
FONTANA, B. AND J.	England, PHIM	Wheel Barometer = X.		Kettering.	Goodison 1.
FONTANA, E.	England, PHIM	Wheel Barometers = X, Soth.-S 4/24/87.		High Wicombe.	Goodison 1; RSW.
FONTANA, FELICE	Italy, 1730-1805, OIM PHIM	Balance Barometer = FLO.	earliest known director of Grand Duke Léopold's Museum which is now the Museo di Storia della Scienza in Florence; used spider silk for cross lines in a level with two telescopes that he built; also made thermometers.	Florence.	Bonelli 5; Michel 1 & 3; Daumas 1; Morpurgo 1; Boffito; Italian Inv.; Bedini 8; Knoefel; Middleton 1.
FONTANA, FRANCESCO	Italy, fl.1580-1656, OIM		claimed to have invented a telescope in 1608, and a microscope in 1618; author; mentioned by Bonani in 1690 as an instrument maker.	Naples.	Offenbacher 22; Nachet; Weil 2(19); Clay and Court.
FONTANA, G.	England, PHIM	Wheel Barometer = Soth.-S 10/19/89.	see Fontana 1 and E. Fontana.	High Wycombe.	RSW.
FONTANA, G.B.	Italy, c.1590, MIM	Celestial Globe = Schloss Ambras, Innsbruck.			Globus, Nov. 1954.
FONTANI			see Fontana.		Bell 2; Goodison 1.
FONTANI, M.	England, c.1850, PHIM	Wheel Barometers = X, Phillips 9/10/86.		High Wycombe.	Goodison 1; RSW.
FONTEYNE, LA	France, 1645, MIM	Sundial, compass in butt of pistol = Wallace Coll.-A1182, London.		Mourgues.	Cousins.
FONZONOLE, ROUX	France, OIM	Microscope = D.		Paris.	Brieux 3.
FOORD, RICHARD	England, c.1660, MIM		apprenticed to Walter Hayes in the Grocers' Company; free of the Company in 1660.		J. Brown 1.
FOPPES, WYTZE	Holland, 1707-78, MIM NIM OIM	Trigonometric Instruments = P.C. (1751), LEY (1757); Telescope, Gregorian = Eisinga's house, Franeker; Reflecting Circle = AMST; Telescopes, reflecting = Auctions, 1906 and 1910.	Rooseboom puts "Dongjuma" in parentheses after the surname; also made microscopes.	Leeuwarden.	Rooseboom 1; Mörzer Bruyns 1 & 2; RSW.
FORBIN			see Fortin.		Gunther 2.
FORD, GEORGE 1	England; USA, fl.1811-42, MIM NIM SIM	Hadley's Quadrant = D.(1970).	either he or his son, George Ford 2, was a clockmaker.	West King Street, Lancaster, Pa.	Bedini 1 and 17; Smart 1; Moskowitz 101.
FORD, GEORGE 2	USA, c.1842, MIM NIM SIM		succeeded his father, George Ford 1, in 1842.	Lancaster, Pa.	Bedini 1 and 17; Smart 1.
FORD, HENRY	England, c.1724,		free in the Spectaclemakers' Company, 1724.		Crawforth 7.
FORD, J.	England, c.1800, NIM	Sextant = Soth. 2/1/79; Octant = OXF; Hadley's Quadrant = PRA.	may be John Ford, which see.	London.	Taylor 2(1123); Horsky and Skopova; RSW.
FORD, JOHN	England, c.1813, MIM		apprenticed to John King 2 in the Grocers' Company, 1802; turned over to John Browning 1 of the Grocers' Company in 1805; free of the Company in 1813.		J. Brown 1.
FORD, ROBERT	England, c.1730, MIM		apprenticed to Simon Cade of the Clockmakers' Company on Sept. 7, 1730.		J. Brown 3.
FORDHAM, THOMAS	England, c.1776, PHIM	Wheel Barometer = X.	barometer signed "Fordham."	Bishops Stortford.	Goodison 1.
FOREST, J.	France, c.1850, MIM	Terrestrial Globes = Versailles 11/20/83 (3), Melun 4/28/83, Soth.-B 9/12/73, D.(1972), Gersaint, La Rochelle 7/20/96; Celestial Globe = D.(1972); Terrestrial Globe, miniature = Versailles 4/24/83.	some of the globes are marked "Trazada por J. Forest Ingenioro Geografo."	Paris.	Moskowitz 104; RSW.
FOREST-DUCHESNE, NICOLAS	France, 1639,		designed a sector with sights and socket, 1639; author.		Daumas 1.
FORIANO, FRA FRANCESCO DE	Italy, 1743, OIM	Microscope, 1743 = ROM.			Bonelli 4.
FORLANI, PAOLO DI			see Paulus de Furlanis.		Woodward 1; RSW.
FORNELLI			see Mastaglio, Fornelli and Molteni.		Taylor 2(2179); Goodison 1.
FORNETH	England, c.1820, PHIM	Wheel Barometer = Christie-SK 11/21/95.		Sheffield.	RSW.
FORRE AND CO.	England, c.1790, PHIM	Stick Barometer = D.(1970).		London.	RSW.
FORREST	England, PHIM	Stick Barometer = X.			Goodison 1.
FORSTER			see Graham and Forster.
FORSTER, CLEMENT	England, fl.1682-94, MIM PHIM	Sector = D.(1994).	apprenticed to Henry Wynne of the Clockmakers' Company on Aug. 29, 1670; free of the Company, July 3, 1682; took apprentices; barometer maker.	at Mr. Davis's, near Painter's Coffee House, Salisbury Court, Fleet Street, London (1694).	J. Brown 3; Taylor 1(345); Goodison 1; Coffeen X (1994).
FORSTER, DANIEL	England, 1733, NIM	Davis Quadrant, 1733 = Versailles 11/19/79.		Wapping, London.	RSW.
FORSTER, HANS	Germany?, MIM	Dividers = NUR-WI242.			RSW.
FORSTER, SAMUEL	England,		designed an equatorium, made by Anthony Thompson.		North 2.
FORSTER, WILLIAM	England, fl.1630-74, MIM	Calendar = NMM-Gabb Coll.	pupil of William Oughtred in 1630; designed a protractor.	Red Bull over against St. Clement's Churchyard, outside Temple Bar, London.	Taylor 1(164); Rabone 1.
FORSTHOFF, JOHANN WILHELM	Germany, c.1700, PHIM	Money Balance = Soth. 6/25/68.			RSW.
FORSYTH, WILLIAM	England, MIM	Slide Rule, single, wood = RSM.			RSW.
FORTIER	France, fl.1725-60, MIM	Astronomical Clocks with Armillary Spheres = Wallace Collection (1763), Getty Museum, P.C.		Paris.	Connaissance des Arts, 1975.
FORTIN ET HERMANN	France, c.1830, PHIM	Pneumatic Apparatus = USNM; Hygrometer = USNM; Porosity Apparatus = USNM.	Nicolas Fortin.	Paris.	USNM; Middleton 4; Daumas 1.
FORTIN, AUGUSTIN	France, fl.1768-80, MIM	Astronomical Clock = NMM; Terrestrial Globes = Schuhmann-96 (1770), CNAM (1769, 1770, 1780), NMM (1770)(2); Celestial Globes = ADL-A262 (1780), CNAM (1770, 1780), Drouot 11/6/67; Pair of Globes, 1780 = D.(1970); Armillary Spheres = D.(1974), VEO, Hispanic Society, New York, N.Y.; Planispheres = P.C., ADL-DPW53 (1768); Planetarium = D.(1974).	"Ingénieur pour les globes et sphères"; Yonge gave first address.	Mouchy-la-V. (Oise); chez le S. Fortin, rue de la Harpe, Paris.	Brieux 3; Bonelli 4; Italian Inv.; Daumas 1; Nachet; MADEX; Wynter 1; Stevenson; Yonge; ADL; RSW.
FORTIN, ETIENNE	France, c.1785, MIM OIM		made large astronomical instruments.	Paris.	A.J. Turner 10.
FORTIN, JEAN NICHOLAS	France, 1750-1831, MIM NIM PHIM	Barometers = CNAM, FLG, GMT; Air Pump, 1780 = FLO; Air Pump = CNAM; Spherometer = CNAM; Repeating Circle = CNAM; Balance = WHI.	the foremost precision instrument maker in Paris of his era, he made chemical apparatus and precision balances for Antoine Lavoisier; developed a portable cistern barometer; Yonge thought he made the Hispanic Society armillary sphere.	rue Saint Honoré; rue de la Sorbonne; rue de la Montagne-Sainte Geneviève; all in Paris.	Daumas 1; Brewington 1; Bonelli 1 & 4; Maistrov 4; Brieux 1; G.L'E. Turner 24; Italian Inv; J.A. Bennett 2; Middleton 1; Yonge.
FORTIN, LE SIEUR			see Augustin Fortin and Jean Nicholas Fortin as both used this title.		Daumas 1.
FORTIN, LOUISE	France, c.1793, MIM		worked with her father, Augustin Fortin; globe maker.	Paris.	Daumas 1.
FOSANELLI, PETER	England, PHIM	Wheel Barometer = X.		Bishops Castle.	Goodison 1.
FOSSE-E-O	MIM	Proportional Dividers, wood and metal = USNM.	the hyphens indicate illegible letters.		USNM.
FOSSELL, DAVID	England, PHIM	Angle Barometer = X.		Hinckley.	Goodison 1.
FOSTER	England, 19th Century, MIM	Floating Sundial, ivory = P.C.	marked "Magnetic Sun Dial."		RSW.
FOSTER AND CAMMACK	England, OIM	Telescope, 4-draw = FRK-TL98.		Liverpool.	Frank.
FOSTER, CHARLES	England, PHIM	Angle Barometer = Christie 12/8/76.		Halifax.	RSW.
FOSTER, CLEMENT			see Clement Forster.
FOSTER, DANIEL	England, NIM		a copy of a mariner's compass signed "Daniel Foster" was made and signed by L.C. Eichner of New Jersey, for the Mayflower II.	near Wapping Old Stairs, London.	Taylor 1(351); RSW.
FOSTER, EDWARD	England, fl.1777-85, MIM	Planetarium, 1777 = X.	also a clock maker.	Carlisle.	Bryden 9.
FOSTER, JAMES 1	USA, pre-1838, MIM OIM PHIM		partner with L.T. Wells as Wells and Foster 1.	Cincinnatti, Ohio.	USNM.
FOSTER, JAMES 2	USA, 1814-73, MIM PHIM SIM	Solar Compass = Oregon State Logging Museum, Klamath Falls.; Surveyor's Compasses = Abraham Lincoln Museum, Springfield, Il., D.(1978).	see also "Wells and Foster" 2 and "James Foster Jr. and Co."	Fifth and Race Street, Cincinnatti, Ohio. (1852-73).	Smart 1; RSW.
FOSTER, JAMES, JR. AND CO.	USA, 1814-73, MIM PHIM SIM	Transit = Ohio State Museum, Columbus; Surveying Chain= D.(1991).	James Foster 2.	Baltimore, Md (1814-38); Cincinnati, Ohio (1838-73).	Smart 1; Coffeen 35.
FOSTER, JOHN 1	England, c.1690, MIM		apprenticed to Daniel Quare 1 of the Clockmakers' Company in 1680; free of the Company on Jan. 20, 1690.	London.	J. Brown 3.
FOSTER, JOHN 2	Englandc.1693, MIM		apprenticed to Nathaniel Smith of the Clockmakers' Company on May 3, 1693; free of the Company, April 4, 1726.		J. Brown 3.
FOSTER, JOHN 3	England, c.1726, MIM		apprenticed to his father, John Foster 2 (or 1) of the Clockmakers' Company on Aug. 1, 1726.		J. Brown 3.
FOSTER, JOHN 4	England, c.1797,		apprenticed to Joseph Stutchbury in the Joiners' Company on July 4, 1797.		Crawforth 7.
FOSTER, JOHN 5	England, fl.1830-37, MIM NIM OIM	Sextant, ebony = Soth. 10/28/86.	T.C.	70 Sparling Street; 43 Sparling Street; 33 Strand Street. all in Liverpool.	Taylor 2(1849); Brewington 1; RSW.
FOSTER, JOSEPH	England, c.1728, MIM		apprenticed to his father , John Foster 2 (or 1), of the Clockmakers' Company on Aug. 6, 1728.		J. Brown 3.
FOSTER, ROGER 1	England, c.1650, MIM	Horary Quadrant = D.(1969).	this instrument was later modified with a radius arm to serve as a surveying quadrant; it was used for survey work in New England, c.1750.		USNM; RSW.
FOSTER, ROGER 2	France?, c.1790, MIM	Horary Quadrant = Soth. 3/10/87.			RSW.
FOSTER, SAMUELL	England, fl.1619-52,		designed a type of sector that was made by Anthony Thompson 1; designed and made other instruments and sundials; professor of Astronomy at Gresham College; author; see S.F.	Coventry.	Calvert 2; Taylor 1(139); Weil 2(15); Brusa 1.
FOSTER, W.	England, fl.1685-90, MIM	Perpetual Calendars = BM(3) one dated 1685, OXF (1690).			Gunther 2; Price 3; Ward 4.
FOSTER, W.T.	England, NIM	Octant = Christie 12/17/75.		Ramsgate.	RSW.
FOUCALT, JEAN BERNARD LEON	France, 1819-68, OIM PHIM	Philosophical Instrument = POB; Telescope = Observatoire de Marseilles (2).	Jean Bernard Léon Foucalt; designed microscopes for daguerreotypes; designed pendulum to show motion of the earth; invented a gyroscope in 1852.	Paris.	Nachet; Trois Siècles; G.L'E. Turner 24; Maynent.
FOUCHE			see Fourché.
FOUCHY, MR. GRANDJEAN DE	France, fl.1732-69,		invented the micrometer scale which was added by Le Maire Fils in 1741 to the telescopic quadrant, ADL-M186, which had been made by Philippe Claude Lebas, c.1675; Fouchy was a member of the Académie Royal des Sciences.	Paris.	Engelmann 1; Fox 1; Ronfort 1; Daumas 1; ADL; RSW.
FOUCQUIER, ANTHOUNE	France, fl.1587-89, MIM SIM	Sundial, ivory, 1587 = Peyrot Coll.; Circumferentor, 1589 = DEU.			Evans 1; Price 2.
FOUITIE, MME. DE	France?, OIM	Telescope, 4-draw = FRK-T154.			Frank.
FOULLON	France, 18th Century, MIM	Rule, folding, ivory = Koller 11/17/75.			RSW.
FOULLON, ABEL	France, 1513-65,		invented the holometer for surveying; author; director of the Mint for Henri II.	Paris.	Michel 3; Boffito; Weil 2.
FOURCHE	France, fl.1780-1810, MIM	Measures = CNAM; Money Balance = TPD.	Fourché; measures marked "l'an V".	rue de la Ferronnerie, Paris.	Daumas 1; Nachet; RSW.
FOURDRINIER	France, pre-1672, MIM SIM	Graphometer = FIN-240 = ADL-N33; Gnomonic Instrument = X.		Paris.	Nachet; A.J. Turner 10; ADL; RSW.
FOUX	Holland, 1752, MIM SIM		made surveying instruments; went to Leyden in 1752.		De Clerq.
FOWLER, F.	England, MIM	Table Sundial = Musée Lombard, Geneva.		London.	RSW.
FOWLER, JOHN 1	England, c.1709, OIM		apprenticed to John Yarwell in the Spectaclemakers' Company; free of the Company, 1709.	The Globe, Sweetings Alley, London.	Robischon.
FOWLER, JOHN 2	England, fl.1720-39, MIM PHIM SIM	Universal Ring Sundials = P.C., D.(1964), Soth. 11/23/59; Azimuth Compass = NMM; Sundial, 1737 = OXF; Sundial = Christie-SK 4/17/86; Protactor = D.(1996); Universal Sundial = D.(1995).	apprenticed to Thomas Cooke 1; T.C.; made slide rules, thermometers, etc.	at the Globe in Swithin Alley by the Royal Exchange; at the Globe in Sweeting's Alley by the Royal Exchange (1737); both in London; [may be one address].	Taylor 2(174); Calvert 2; Dewhirst; Evans 1; Baillie 1; RSW; Gunther 2; Daumas 1; Clay and Court; NMM 2; J.A. Bennett 2; Coffeen 49 and 55.
FOWLER, JOHN WILLIAM	England, c.1753,		apprenticed to John Morgan 2 in the Joiners' Company on Jan. 9, 1753.		Crawforth 7.
FOWLER, T.	England, c.1700, MIM	Azimuth Compass = SWE.		Royal Exchange, London.	RSW.
FOWLER, WILLIAM	England, 1738, NIM	Backstaff, 1738 = P.C.			RSW.
FOWLES	England, c.1676, MIM		made Townley-type micrometer which Flamsteed gave to Gian Domenico Cassini, c.1676.	London.	A.J. Turner 10.
FOWLT, JOHN	England, c.1737,		apprenticed to Robert Cole 1 in the Stationers' Company; turned over to John Farmer 2 in the Joiners' Company, June 7, 1737.		Crawforth 7.
FOX	England, PHIM	Dip Circles = X.		Cornwall.	McConnell (1984).
FOX, E.	England, PHIM	Wheel Barometer = X.	may be Edmund Fox or earlier E. Fox recorded by Baillie; barometer signed "E. Fox Ely and Soham."	Ely and Soham.	Goodison 1; Baillie 1.
FOX, EDMUND	England, c.1850, PHIM		barometer maker? see E. Fox.	Broad Street, Ely.	Goodison 1; Baillie 1.
FOX, H.	England, c.1800, PHIM	Stick Barometer = D.(1975).	scale plate etched (?).	Wakefield.	RSW.
FOX, JOSEPH	England, c.1801,		apprenticed to Mrs. Martha Rust in the Grocers' Company, 1801.	London.	J. Brown 2.
FOX, ROBERT WERE	England, fl.1831-48,		designed a dipping needle and a terrestrial magnetism measuring instrument.	Falmouth, Cornwall.	Taylor 2(1850).
FOXON, WILLIAM	England, 1772,		invented a hydrometer, or mechanical log, 1772.	Deptford.	Wynter and Turner.
FOY	France, OIM	Spyglass = FRK.	optician.	Galerie Vivienne No. 59A, Paris.	Frank.
FPLEGER, CHRISTOPH HUDIER	1629, MIM	Protractor, 1629 = STU.			RSW.
FRADER, DIDAE, SATDAN	1511, MIM	Vertical Sundial, 1511 = P. and S. 2/9/1897.			RSW.
FRAENKEL, H.H.	Holland, 19th Century?, PHIM	Stick Barometer = Auction, 1975.		Groningen.	Mörzer Bruyns 2.
FRAGET, F.	Francec.1850, MIM	Theodolite = P.C. (1987).	marked "Constucteur."	Paris.	RSW.
FRAIDEL			see Raidel.
FRAMBOTTI, PAOLO	Italy, c.1649, MIM	Sector = X.		Padua.	Nachet.
FRAN:US, P. PETRUS, DE WILLEVEAUX			see Willeveaux, P. Petrus Fraa~:us de.		Engelmann 1; ADL; RSW.
FRANCESCO DI PADUA	Italy,		owner of many fine instruments made for him by Erasmus Habermel; badge was three rose bushes.		RSW.
FRANCHETTA	England, MIM	Alidade = CYM.		Manchester.	RSW.
FRANCIS, BULMER	England, fl.1731-74, MIM		apprenticed to Richard George on April 5, 1709; turned over to Richard Hutchinson, of the Clockmakers' Company; free of the Company; took apprentices.	London.	J. Brown 3.
FRANCIS, E.G.	England, fl.1836-42, OIM	Microscope = CRI.	Gunther thought it was 92 Berwick Street.	82 Berwick Street, Soho, London.	O'Mara; Gunther 2.
FRANCIS, GEORGE	England, fl.1828-42, MIM OIM PHIM			103 Regent Street (1828-29); 93 Berwick Street; both in London.	O'Mara; Taylor 2(1851); Nachet.
FRANCIS, JM.	USA, c.1820, PHIM	Stick Barometer, mahogany = Sack.		13 Dock Street, Philadelphia, Pa.	I. Sack Brochure 29, 10/1/76.
FRANCIS, LAWRENCE C.	USA, fl.1844-83, PHIM	Barometers = Soth.-PB pre-1980, Atwater Kent Museum and Franklin Institute, Philadelphia, Pa.; Stick Barometer = Philadelphia Maritime Museum, Pa.; Barometer and Thermometer = D.(1957).	signed "L.C. Francis."	Fetter Lane, Philadelphia, Pa.	USNM; RSW.
FRANCISCI D'ESPANA	Spain, 1692, MIM	Astrolabe, 1692 = ROM.	Francisci d'España; ICA-501.		Bonelli 4; Price 1; ICA 2; Bedini 12; RSW.
FRANCISCI DI VECTIOSI	Italy, 1577, MIM	Astrolabe-Quadrant, 1577 = P. and S. 6/18/1894-34 = BMR; Quadrant, 1577 = OXF.	P. and S. signed "Opus."		Gunther 6; RSW.
FRANCISCUS DE SALUIS	Italy, 1682, MIM	Drawing Compass, 1682 = ADL-M75.	"Franciscus de Saluis Roman. fecit Neap. 1682."	Rome; Naples.	Engelmann 1; ADL; RSW.
FRANCISCUS DI CREMONA	Italy, 1638, MIM	Dividers, 1638 = Istituto di Fisico, Padua.		Cremona.	Italian Inv.
FRANCISCUS DI VITIOLI			see Francisci di Vectiosi.		Société Belge; Belgian Inv.
FRANCK, CAROLUS	Austria, 1732, MIM	Horizontal Sundial = ADL-M256; Universal Ring Sundial, 1732 = ADL-DPW45.	Zinner and Michel thought he was c.1680.	Vienna.	Zinner 1; Michel 3; Engelmann 1; ADL; RSW.
FRANCK, JOHAN FREDERICK	1643, MIM SIM	Protractor with sights = SKO; Surveying Instrument Set = SKO; Horizontal Sundial, 1643 = SKO.	sundial is for 50° latitude.		Price 2; RSW.
FRANCO, CARLO	Italy, c.1653, MIM SIM	Horizontal Sundial = LIE; Graphometer = X.		Milan.	Michel 3.
FRANCOIS	France, c.1750, MIM	Carpenter's Square = ADL-M99.	"François."		Engelmann 1; ADL; RSW.
FRANCOIS, A. LE	France, MIM	Instrument = KEN.	"A. Le François."	174 Galerie de Valois, Palais Royal, Paris.	RSW.
FRANCOIS, GILBERT	France, pre-1767, OIM	Microscope, silver = Davila Sale 11/12/1767, Paris.	François.		Frick Library, New York City; RSW.
FRANCONE, JOANNES	1779, MIM				Nachet.
FRANK, HEI	Germany, c.1830, MIM	Diptych Sundial, wood = Lempertz 4/28/61; Diptych Sundial, wood, leather and paper = WHI.	only initial of first name can be read on WHI.		Bryden 16; RSW.
FRANKE	Austria, MIM		made various mathematical instruments.	Vienna.	USNM.
FRANKE, JOHANN FRIDERICH	Germany, fl.1640-43, MIM	Proportional Compass, 1640 = VIE; Graphometer, 1642 = VIE; Set of Surveying Instruments, 1643 = SKO; Mining Compass = P.C.	the 1640 octant also shows the name "Benjamin Bramer"; Franke was the Warden of the Castle and the Commandant of Plassenburg.	Plassenburg bi Kulmbach.	Zinner 1; Price 2; Michel 3 & 14; RSW.
FRANKEN, JOHANN FRIEDRICH			see Johann Friderich Franke.
FRANKHAM AND WILSON	England, fl.1856-60, PHIM		barometer makers; see Richard and Henry Frankham.	London.	Goodison 1.
FRANKHAM, RICHARD AND HENRY	England, fl.1829-55, PHIM	Marine Barometer = Gloucester Museum; Barometer = Soth. 7/15/66.	also made thermometers; see Frankham and Wilson.	12 Wilson Street, Grays Inn Road, London.	Goodison 1; RSW.
FRANKIN, THOMAS			see Thomas Franklyn.		J. Brown 1.
FRANKLIN 1	England, 19th Century, PHIM	Wheel Barometer = X; Stick Barometer = Christie-SK 4/17/86.		St. Anne's Place, Manchester.	Goodison 1; RSW.
FRANKLIN 2	England, PHIM	Wheel Barometer = Soth.-S 10/19/89.		44 High Street, Bloomsbury.	RSW.
FRANKLIN AND CO.	England, MIM OIM PHIM	Wheel Barometer = Soth.-S 4/24/87.	T.C.	N°. 20 St.Ann's Square, Manchester.	Calvert 2; RSW.
FRANKLIN, BENJAMIN	USA, 1706-90, MIM PHIM	Electrical Machine = Library Company, Philadelphia; Lodestone, 1729 with Franklin's name = Soth. 12/8/69.	scientist, author, diplomat; he invented many philosophical instruments.	Boston, N.E.; Philadelphia, Pa.	RSW; etc.
FRANKLYN, THOMAS	England, fl.1716-19, MIM		member of the Stationers' Company; he took over John Farrer and James Howell as apprentices in 1716 and 1719, respectively, from Joseph Harrison of the Grocers' Company.	London.	J.Brown 1.
FRANKS, A.	England, 19th Century, OIM	Microscope, compound binocular = Christie-SK 4/17/86.		Manchester, Southport and Hull.	RSW.
FRANKS, ABRAHAM	England, c.1830, OIM			Hick Street, Newcastle-under-Lyme.	Taylor 2(1852).
FRANSZ, PIETER	Holland, c.1629, MIM			Amsterdam.	Rooseboom 1; Daumas 1.
FRANZ, JOH. GEORG	Germany, fl.1790-1808, MIM	Celestial Globes = Eisenach Thüring Museum (1790), Gotha Landsbibliothek (1804), VNL, DEU, Regensburg Hofbibliothek, VIT; Terrestrial Globe, 1808 = NUR.		Nürnberg.	Zinner 1; Globus, Nov. 1954, June 1962.
FRANZ, JOSEPH, S.J.	Czechoslovakia, 1756,		developed a precision rule in 1756.		Czech. Inv.
FRANZ-LX, IORGE	Belgium?, 1593, MIM	Sundial, 1593 = LIE.			Michel 9; Belgian Inv.
FRANZEL, FERD. RUDOLF	Germany, 1749, MIM	Celestial Globe, 1749 = Schiller's House, Weimar.			Zinner 1.
FRANZI, FELIX	Holland, 18th Century, PHIM	Barometer, walnut = Christie April, 1978.		Amsterdam.	Mörzer Bruyns 2.
FRASCATORO, GIROLAMO	Italy,		made a Copernican equatorium.		North 2.
FRASCOLI, ANTONIO	Italy, 1866, PHIM	Wheel Barometer, 1866 = Linceo Giulio Beccaria, Milan.		Milan.	Middleton 1.
FRASER	England, fl.1789-1815, MIM NIM OIM PHIM SIM	wide range of instruments that may be seen in many museums including sextants, barometers, telescopes, various types of sundials, pedometers, a magnetic compass dated 1789, etc.	William Fraser or perhaps his son; see Fraser and Son; "Optician to His Majesty."	3 New Bond Street, London.	Taylor 2(835); Goodison 1; Evans 1; Whipple 1; Gunther 6; RSW; G.L'E. Turner 24; Wynter and Turner; Price 3; Ward 4; RSW; Coffeen 14; Bryden 16.
FRASER AND SON	England, 1799-1815, MIM PHIM SIM	Box Sextant = Christie 2/16/69; Theodolites = D.(1972), Soth. 11/9/70; Stick Barometers = X, Soth. 7/21/87.	William Fraser and his son; taken over by Hawks Grice, 1815, and by Edward Dixey in 1817.	New Bond Street, London.	Taylor 2(835); Goodison 1; G.L'E. Turner 24; Dewhirst; RSW; Clay and Court; Moskowitz 103.
FRASER, A. AND H.	England, c.1825, MIM OIM	Spyglass, six-draw = Soth. 11/9/70; Sundial = Chriatie-SK 11/19/87.		London.	RSW.
FRASER, ALEXANDER	Scotland, fl.1840-70, MIM	Garden Sundial, 1840, stone = Bredisholm.	sundial maker; mason.		Gatty; Somerville.
FRASER, J.G.	England,		owner; "J.G. Fraser, R.N." marked on a sextant in the Frank Coll.		RSW.
FRASER, JOHN	England, c.1681, MIM	Equatorial Sundial = SPI-2818.	apprenticed to Edward Eyston in the Clockmakers' Company, 1681.	London.	Taylor 1(528); Michel 3; Ernst; Evans 1; Britten; RSW.
FRASER, W.M.	England, c.1775, MIM		sold Wright's celestial globes; probably a misreading for Wm. Fraser.	New Bond Street, London.	Soth. 11/20/70.
FRASER, WILLIAM	England, fl.1785-1815, MIM OIM	Spyglass = KEN; Balance = Wallington Museum, Northumberland; Hodometer = Chelsea Fair (1973); Air Pump = P.C.; Level = X; Circular Slide Rule = P.C.	T.C.; instrument maker to King George III; "Optical and Mathematical Instrument Maker to H.R.H. the Prince of Wales"; see "Fraser" and "Fraser and Son."	Ferguson's Head, 3 New Bond Street; 31 New Bond Street; both in London.	Taylor 2(835); Dewhirst; Clay and Court; Crawforth 1; RSW; Moskowitz 103; Delehar 9.
FRASI, FREDERICK	MIM	Sun Compass = NMM-D.22.			NMM 2.
FRASSY	England? France?, c. 1850, MIM	Sector, wood = ADL-M498.	in centimeters.		ADL; RSW.
FRATELLI, BIANCHY			see Bianchy.
FRAUENHOFER, JOSEPH VON	Germany, 1787-1826, OIM	Telescopes = STT, VIT, DRE; Spectroscope = DRE; Transit = STT.	made the most important telescopes of his era; joined Reichenbach and Liebherr in 1807; firm was Reichenbach, Utzschneider und Liebherr, 1807-14; was Utzschneider und Liebherr 1814-24; was Utzschneider und Frauenhofer, 1824-26; Frauenhofer built his own optical glass factory in Benedictbeuren Stift; his greatest contributions were in the field of spectroscopy.	Munich; Benedictbeiren.	Daumas 1; Nachet; Drechsler 2; Pipping 1 & 2; G.L'E. Turner 24; Repsold; RSW; J.A. Bennett 2.
FRAZER 1	England, fl.1785-88, MIM	Pedometers = CLO, P.C.	might be William Fraser.	London.	Baillie 1; RSW.
FRAZER 2	England, c.1800, PHIM	Stick Barometer = Soth.-Sussex 9/18/86.		London.	RSW.
FRAZER, WILLIAM	England, c.1825, OIM			94 Wardour Street, London.	Taylor 2(1557).
FREAUN, A.R.	France, 1842, MIM	Celestial Globe, 1842 = MAN-I164.		Paris.	Garcia Fraanco 1.
FRECOT	France, c.1780, PHIM	Barometer = Museum of Natural History, Paris.	Frécot.	89 rue de la Harpe, Paris.	Daumas 1.
FREDENSBURG, C.	Germany,		this entry does not appear in Zinner, although the entry "B.E." says "see C. Fredensburg."		Zinner 1.
FREEMAN	England, PHIM	Wheel Barometers = X.		25 Great Warner Street, Clerkenwell, London.	Goodison 1.
FREEMAN AND NEW	England, PHIM		T.C.; scalemakers.	Leadenhall Street, London.	Calvert 2.
FREEMAN, HENRY	England, fl.1817-38, MIM OIM PHIM				Taylor 2(1336a).
FREEMAN, HENRY WILLIAM	England, fl.1828-40, MIM			3 Curtain Road (1828-29); 3 New Inn Yard, Curtain Road (1840); both in London.	O'Mara; Crawforth 6.
FREEMAN, S.	England, c.1900,	Water Clock, 1642 = MYS.	surely modern, by Birmingham firm.	Gloucester.	RSW.
FREEMAN, T.G.	England, NIM	Sextant = Soth. 6/8/70.			RSW.
FREEMAN, THOMAS	England, c.1698, MIM		apprenticed to Cornelius Harbert of the Clockmakers' Company on Sept. 6, 1686; turned over to Thomas Meades, also of the Clockmakers' Company; free of the Company, July 4, 1698.	London.	J. Brown 3.
FREER, JOHN	England, 1646, MIM	Garden Sundial, 1642 = D.(1979).		London.	RSW.
FREMINVILLE	France, c.1790, OIM	Telescope, wood = A-P 3/15/76.	Fréminville; made telescopes for the army.	rue du Bacq, No. 628; Gros Caillou (c.1790); both in Paris.	Daumas 1; RSW.
FREMOY, C.G. DU	Austria, 18th Century, MIM	Equatorial Clock, geared = SLM.	also signed "Frenoy."	Salzburg.	Evans 1.
FRENCH, JAMES	England; USA, 1788, NIM	Davis Quadrant, 1788 = MYS.	brother of Samuel French; may have been owner.	Providence, R.I.	USNM; Price 2; D.J. Warner 8; RSW.
FRENCH, SAMUEL	c.1788,		brother of James French.		RSW.
FRENCH, SANTIAGO JAMES MOORE	England, fl.1810-44, PHIM	Wheel Barometers = X; Stick Barometer = X.	instruments signed "French Royal Exchange."	14-15 Sweetings Alley, Royal Exchange (1822-39); 80 Cornhill (1840-44); both in London.	Goodison 1.
FRENOY			see Fremoy.
FRERSZ, JOHANN EGGERICH	Germany, 1666, MIM SIM	Case of Instruments, 1666 = KAS; Theodolite = BER; Cicumferentor = KAS.	Zinner thought him Frers; may be same as Johann Eggerich, which see.	Gottigen; Cologne.	Zinner 1; RSW.
FRESNEL, AUGUSTIN JEAN	France, 1788-1827,		developed new microscopes; invented a special lens for lighthouse lamps; author.		Nachet; G.L'E. Turner 24.
FREY, FRANZ	1757, MIM	Sundial, square, 1757 = P. and S. 6/8/1894.			RSW.
FREY, MARTIN	Germany, c.1590, MIM		the inscription, "Martin Frey Regenpure 1590", appears on a universal equinoctial hanging sundial c.1480 at OXF.	Regensburg.	Maddison 6; Evans 1; Gunther 1 and 6.
FRIC, JOSE AND JAN	Czechoslovakia, c.1850, MIM SIM	Theodolite = MOS.		Prague.	Novokshanova-Soklovskaja; Hynie.
FRIED, GEY			see Seyfried.		Bonelli 1.
FRIEDRICH	Germany, MIM SIM	Circumferentor = P. and S. 4/3/1894; Alidades = P. and S. 11/12/1894(2).	Evans 1 listed him as Friedrichy.	Berlin.	Evans 1; RSW.
FRIEHER, JOH. GEORG	Germany, c.1600, MIM SIM	Surveying Instrument = LUN.			Zinner 1.
FRIEND	England, c.1850, MIM	River Current Meter = P.C.; Depth Sounder, No. 322 = D.(1987).	sounder marked "Patentee."	Southampton.	Coffeen 15; RSW.
FRIES, A.	Italy, OIM	Telescope = Christie 12/16/69.	"Ottica."		RSW.
FRIES, FREDERIC	Holland, fl.1791-92, PHIM		made philosophical instruments for van Marum.	Haarlem.	G.L'E. Turner 7 and 24.
FRIESE, H.	Germany, 18th Century, MIM	Sundial, wood = BEK.		Berlin.	Evans 1.
FRIESSFELDT, HANS	Germany, c.1555, MIM	Diptych Sundial = Liegnitz Stadtmuseum.	compass maker; Master in 1555; sundial signed "HANS FR__ NFELT NERMBERG FACIEBAT"; Zinner spelt him as Frueinsfeldt.	Nürnberg.	Zinner 1; Gouk 1.
FRIEZ, JULIEN P., AND SON	USA, c.1900, MIM	Compass, with sights = Michigan Historical Society, Lansing, Mich.	also marked "Delagrave et Cie. Editeur, Paris."	Belfort Observatory, Baltimore, Md.	RSW.
FRIGERIO, G.	England, PHIM	Wheel Barometer = Soth. 2/28/80.	may be same as J. Frigerio.	281 High Holborn, London.	RSW.
FRIGERIO, J.	England, PHIM	Wheel Barometer = X.		London.	Goodison 1.
FRISI, GEO. L.	Italy, 1794, MIM	Quadrant, ivory, 1794 = OXF.	latitude 45°28'.		Evans 1; Gunther 2.
FRISIUS, GEMMA			Gemma Frisius (Gemma of Friesland).		RSW.
FRISIUS, NEPOS GEMMAE			see Gualterus Arsenius, nephew of Gemma Frisius.		USNM; RSW; van Ortroy 2.
FRIST	1578, MIM	Polyhedral Sundial, 1578 = MUN.	"Frist, Kurlze dout ewigist Bedenck das end zeit laub't behend."		RSW.
FRISY			see Gemma Frisius.
FRITH	England, post-1826, OIM	Telescope, two-draw = FRK-T134.	see Peter Frith and Co.	London.	Frank.
FRITH, PETER	England, fl.1820-62, OIM	Microscope, drum = D.(1986).	signed "P. Frith."	London.	Coffeen 13.
FRITH, PETER, AND CO.	England, fl.1820-c.66, MIM OIM SIM	Telescope, post-1826 = PEA.	also made microscopes; T.C.	Sheffield; 28 Cursitor Street (1826); 5 Bartlett's Buildings, Holborn (1866), factory; both in London.	Taylor 2(1557a); Brewington 1; USNM; Calvert 2; Coffeen 13.
FRITZ, KARL	Germany, c.1750, PHIM	Steelyard = USNM.		Bonn.	USNM.
FROBERG, SVEN	Sweden, 1782, MIM		Fröberg.	Uppsala.	Sidenbladh.
FRODSHAM	England, 19th Century, MIM	Map Measurer = KEN.		Kingsgate Street, Red Lion Square, London.	KEN.
FRODSHAM AND BAKER	England, fl.1809-49, PHIM		John Frodsham and Baker.	Kingsgate Street (1809-23); 33 Gracechurch Street (1823-); both in London.	Britten.
FRODSHAM AND KEEN	England, c.1840, MIM NIM	Sextant = Soth. 6/16/75.	T.C.; chronometer and watch makers.	9 St. George Crescent; 17 South Castle Street and East Side Salthouse Dock; all in Liverpool.	Brewington 1.
FRODSHAM, CHARLES	England, 1811-70, MIM PHIM	Barometer = K. and C. 5/14/75.	apprenticed to his father, William James Frodsham, in the Clockmakers' Company; free of the Company in 1845; F.R.S.; successor to Arnold (1843) and to B.L. Vulliamy (1854); brother of John and Henry Frodsham.	London.	Poggendorff; USNM; Pipping 1; Britten; Clifton 1.
FRODSHAM, G.	England, 19th Century, PHIM	Stick Barometers = X and K.and C. 5/14/75.		84 Strand, London.	Goodison 1; RSW.
FRODSHAM, HENRY, JR.	England, fl.1835-56, MIM NIM OIM PHIM	Telescope = MYS; Octant = WHI; Stick Barometers = Soth. 2/19/87, VNN; Marine Barometer = NOR; Sympiesometer = D.(1961); Sextants = D.(1976), D.(1997).	his instruments are often signed "H.Frodsham"; brother of Charles and John Frodsham.	38 Castle Street, Liverpool; Change Alley, Cornhill, London.	Taylor 2(1558); Price 2; Bryden 9; Clifton 1; Coffeen 56.
FRODSHAM, JOHN	England, 1785-1849, PHIM	Wheel Barometer =X.	member of the Clockmakers' company, 1822; livery of the company in 1830; partner with Baker, 1809-49 as Frodsham and Baker.	Kingsgate Street (1809-23); 33 Gracechurch Street (1823-); both in London.	Goodison 1; Baillie 1; Britten.
FRODSHAM, WILLIAM JAMES	England, fl.1800-38, MIM OIM		see Parkinson and Frodsham.		Taylor 2(1403).
FROGGATT, SAMUEL	England, fl.1827-46, MIM OIM PHIM		still listed as "Optician" in the 1846 Directory.	14 Kirby Street, Hatton Garden (1822-29); 27 Bridgehouse Place, Newington Causeway and 13 Charterhouse (1840); all in London.	Taylor 2(1559); O'Mara.
FROGGATT, THOMAS	England, fl.1822-30, OIM			Walkmile, Pickle; Savile Street; both in Sheffield.	Taylor 2(1560).
FROLANDER, ANDERS	Sweden, b.1733, MIM		Frölander was apprenticed to J.Z. Steinholtz in 1760.		Pipping 1.
FROMENT, PAUL GUSTAVE	France, 1815-64, MIM NIM OIM PHIM SIM	Microscope = BIL; Surveying Instrument, 1850 = P.C.; Electrical Machine = D.; Marine Compass = D.	student at the Ecole Polytechnique, Paris (1835-37); showed in the Great Exhibition of 1851 in London.	5 rue Ménil/Montant, Paris.	Poggendorff; USNM; G.L'E. Turner 24; Brieux 2; Purtle; Paris-1900; J.A.Bennett 2.
FROMOND	1784, OIM	Microscope, small, 1784 = Liceo Ginnasio D. Manin, Cremona.			Italian Inv.
FROST	England, c.1777, MIM		rule maker; may be W. Frost.	Great Charles Street, Birmingham.	Bryden 9.
FROST AND ADAMS	USA, 1835-1935, MIM SIM	Transit-Level = P.C.	founded in 1835; incorporated in 1895; the Makepeace Company bought Frost and Adams in 1931; artists' supplies; sold surveying instruments under the name of Frost and Adams; successors to Whipple; see Frost and Adams Co; the transit-level was marked "Yankee No. 155."	Boston, Mass.	Smart 1 and 2; Bedini 6; RSW.
FROST AND ADAMS CO.	USA, MIM	Rule, wood = ADL-W119.	see Frost and Adams.	Boston, Mass.	ADL; RSW.
FROST AND WITHNOLL	England, fl.1767-70, MIM		W. Frost and T. Withnoll; successors to Wood and Lort; rule makers; authors.	Litchfield Street (1767); 14 Litchfield Street (1770); both in Birmingham.	Bryden 9; Taylor 2(591).
FROST BROS.	England, c.1850, MIM	Rope-maker's Gauge = OXF.	patent rope-makers.	London.	RSW.
FROST, NOAKES AND CO.	England, PHIM		Frost, J. Noakes and Co.		Goodison 1.
FROST, W.			see Frost and Withnoll.		Taylor 2(591).
FROTHERINGHAM, SAMUEL	England, d.1745,		invented a metallic thermometer.	Holbeach, Elloe Holland, Lincolnshire.	Chaldecott 2; Britton.
FROWD	England, PHIM	Wheel Barometer = X.		Hemel Hempstead.	Goodison 1.
FRUEINSFELDT, HANS			see Hans Friessfeldt.		Zinner 1; Gouk 1.
FRUTOLF	Germany, d.1103, MIM		Benedictine monk; made sundials.	Bamberg.	Zinner 1.
FRY, J.	England, 1742, MIM	Slide Rule, boxwood, 1742 = Soth. 2/2/76.		in the Old Bailey, London.	RSW.
FRYE AND SHAW	USA, fl.1837-45, MIM NIM PHIM SIM	Marine Barometer = MYS; Stick Barometer = John C. Freeman (1845); Marine Compasses = PMS, D.(1983); Octants = P.C.(2); Surveying Compasses = Huntington Historical Society, N.Y., D.(1935), Skinner 6/28/83; Theodolite = P.C. (1987).	Addington D. Frye and Robert Ludlow Shaw; USNM entry says that Huntington instrument is dated 1780.	222 Water Street, New York, N.Y.	USNM; Smart 1; Coffeen D; Hague; Warner 12; RSW.
FRYE, ADDINGTON D.	USA, fl.1836-48, MIM NIM		see Frye and Shaw.	222 Water Street (1836-37); 33 Pike (1844-48); both in New York, N.Y.	Smart 1.
FRYE, JOSEPH	USA, 1712-94, MIM SIM	Surveying Compass = USNM.	this instrument was used by Frye and may have been made by him.	Fryeburg, Me.	Smart 1; Bedini 8.
FUCHS	Germany, 1577, MIM	Astrolabe, 1577 = Gillingham Coll. = P.C.	ICA-273; for 50° latitude.		Zinner 1; Price 1; ICA 2; Michel 3; RSW.
FUCHS, M.	Germany, c.1817, PHIM	Barometer = DRE; Electrical Machine, 1817 = DRE.		Leipzig.	Drechsler; RSW.
FUCHS, M.C.B.	Germany, 18th Century, MIM	Celestial Globe = MUN.			Zinner 1.
FUCHS, THOMAS	Germany; Sweden, fl.1706-45, MIM	Gunner's Scale, 1706 = STT.		Uppsala.	Pipping 1 & 2.
FUGGER	Germany, MIM	Pillar Sundial, "rock crystal" and silver, 1560 = TIM.	the sundial has a parchment calendar inside; the instrument may not be as old as the marked date would indicate.		RSW.
FUHRMANN, ELIAS ADAM	Germany, 1750, MIM	Sundial, stone, 1750 = P. & S. 11/21/1894.			Evans 1.
FULBY, P.	Germany, NIM	Octant = De Young Museum, San Francisco, Ca.	probably D. Filby.	Hamburg.	USNM.
FULIGATTI, GIULIO	Italy, c.1617, MIM		S.J.; designed sundials; author of "De gli Horivoli a sole", dedicated to Don Cosmo II Gran Duca di Toscana IIII, Ferrara, 1617.	Cesena.	RSW.
FULLER 1	England, c.1820, OIM		made a microscope in the form of a book.	Norwich.	Taylor 2(1561); Nachet; Clay and Court.
FULLER 2	England, PHIM		see Caltenback, Fuller and Co.	77 Blackman Street, Borough, London.	RSW.
FULLER, J.	England, MIM	Level = Soth. 7/15/63.		Ipswich.	RSW.
FULLER, JOHN E.	USA, fl.1845-47, MIM	Time Telegraph, with Calculator, 1845 = WHI; Circular Slide Rule, Palmer-Type = P.C.	invented a circular slide rule, "The Time Telegraph" to figure the number of days between any two dates; patented in 1845; bought out Aaron Palmer and improved Palmer's slide rule by adding his rule to the back of the instrument in 1847; Delehar thought he was George Fuller.	Boston, Mass.	G.L'E. Turner 24; Delehar 9; RSW.
FULLER, JOSEPH	England, fl.1832-34, MIM PHIM			2 St.James' Walk, Clerkenwell, London.	Taylor 2(1856); O'Mara.
FULLER, MR.	England, fl.1678-85, MIM		invented "a little Cross-Staff."		A.J. Turner 1 & 2.
FULLER, SAMUEL	Ireland, c.1732,		wrote a book on globes.	Dublin.	Clay and Court.
FULLONE			see Foullon.
FULLWOOD, BARBON	England, c.1785, PHIM	Wheel Barometer = Soth. 3/7/75.		Holborn, London.	RSW.
FULTON, J.	USA, MIM	Garden Sundial = Atwater Kent Museum, Phiadelphia, Pa.			RSW.
FULTON, J.L., AND CO.	USA, PHIM	Scale, beam = Soth.-PB pre-1980.		New York, N.Y.	RSW.
FUNCK, CHRISTLIEB BENEDICT	Germany, 1736-87, MIM	Globe, paper covered, 1780 = SLM; Terrestrial Globe, 1785 = DRE.	Christlieb Benedict Funck von Hartenstein, professor of physics.	Leipzig.	Grötzsch 1; RSW.
FUNCK, JOH. MICHAEL	Germany, 1725, MIM	Diptych Sundial, cardboard, 1725 = BAU.		Erfurt.	Zinner 1.
FUNCKLER, F.W.	Holland, fl.1849-60, PHIM	Aneroid Barometer = TEY.	won a gold prize at the 1849 Paris Exposition; see Logeman en Funckler.	Haarlem.	G.L'E. Turner 7 and 24.
FURLANIS, PAULUS DE	Italy, c.1590, MIM	Terrestrial Globe, silver = WHI.	map maker; sometimes signed "Paolo Forlani"; engraved plate of quadrant for Fabritio Mordente's book.	Verona.	Whipple 1; O. Brown 3; Woodward 1; RSW.
FURST, PAULUS	Germany, c.1622,		engraving of an astrolabe signed "M. Francisci Ritteri Noribergensis Paulus Fürst excudit" = OXF (Gunther 288); Fürst also designed a horizontal sundial.	Nürnberg.	Price 1; Gunther 1; Lunardi.
FURSTALLER, JOSEF JAKOB	Austria, 1730-75, MIM	Terrestrial Globe = Studienbibliothek, Salzburg.	Fürstaller.	Bramberg and Salzberg.	Globus, Oct. 1953, Nov. 1954, Dec. 1956, June 1963.
FURSTLE			Fürstle; see Johann Paul Kraus.		Zinner 1.
FURTENBACH, MARTIN	Germany, 1535, MIM	Armillary Sphere, 1535 = Raymond Fugger (1535).			Zinner 1.
FURTTENBACH, JOSEPH	Germany, pre-1771, MIM		Fürttenbach; invented and made skaphe sundials (drawing).		Portaluppi; Nedoluha.
FUSARIUS, FRANCISCUS	Italy, 1638, MIM	Sectors = OXF (1638), P.C.(1977).	P.C. one is Guidobaldo-type; OXF has steel points.	Cremona.	Evans 1; RSW.
FUSELLI	Italy, NIM	Compass in gimbals = D.(1976).		Genoa.	RSW.
FUSORIS, JOHANNE	France, c.1365-1436, MIM	Astrolabes = OXF (ICA-192, 194, 196), CNAM-19544, NOR, BAR, GIL, DPW (ICA-193b), RSM-1947/27, ADL-M27 (ICA-199), FIN (ICA-193) = Landau = ADL-W264, ANM (ICA-460), BRS (ICA-568), NMM (ICA-337), University of Wroclaw, D.(1993); Mars plate for Equatorium, 1400, = P.C.	Fusoris astrolabes, though not signed, are so well documented by Poulle that identification is certain.	Giraumont; Paris.	Poulle 1 & 6; Michel 2; Price 1; Gunther 1; Simoni; Polish Inv.; A.J. Turner 10; DSB; Engelmann 1; ADL; RSW.
FUSS, NICHOLAS	Germany, c.1774,		designed a microscope.		Nachet.
FUSSEN	Germany,		Füssen.		Bobinger 5.
FUSSES, NIZZAER	Germany, c.1600, MIM	Rule = DRE.		Nürnberg.	Drechsler.
FUTTEL, THOMAS			see Thomas Tuttell.		Daumas 1.
FYFE, S.H.	Scotland, NIM	Compass in gimbals = FRK-N3 = RSM.		Glasgow.	Frank; Clarke et al.
FYOT, F.M.	England, c.1785,		invented a "cyclometer" and a graphometer.	33 Compton Street, Soho, London.	Taylor 2(836).